Abstract
Results of testing modified components for the cryomodule of the International Linear Collider (ILC) are summarized. To reduce the ILC project cost, it is proposed to replace titanium cryomodule components with stainless steel (SS) ones. New bimetallic transitions (Ti/SS, Nb/SS) have been produced by a unique method based on explosion welding. Successive upgrading of these components to the latest version of the Nb/Ti/SS transition element has led to improvement of the ILC cryomodule. This new component resolves problems of residual stress, and its specific design prevents the possibility of a shift due to the difference in the linear expansion coefficients of the constituent metals. Leak tests with the He gas revealed no leaks at the background rate of ≈0.2 × 10–10 atm cc/s. The test results are very encouraging. The up-to-date design of trimetallic Nb/Ti/SS element promises technologically simpler and less expensive manufacture. Investigations have shown that explosion welding allows unique trimetallic components to be made not only for cryogenic units of accelerators but also for laboratory equipment and for general engineering applications.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
REFERENCES
I. Malkin et al., “Investigation of the possibility of production of the bimetallic tube transition element by explosion welding for the cryomodule of the International Linear Collider,” JINR Commun., No. E13-2008-109 (2008).
B. Sabirov, “Production of bimetallic transition tube elements for the ILC cryomodule,” JINR News, No. 4, 19 (2008).
B. Sabirov, “Explosion welding: New design of the ILC cryomodule,” JINR News, No. 3, 16 (2010).
Electric Welding Technology for Metals and Alloys by Melting, Ed. by B. E. Paton (Mashinostroenie, Moscow, 1974) [in Russian].
B. Sabirov et al., “Recent advances in Ti and Nb explosion welding with stainless steel for 2K operating (ILC Program),” in Proceedings of the International Workshop on Future Linear Colliders (LCWS11) (Granada, 2011); arXiv:1201.3472
B. Sabirov, J. Budagov, and G. Shirkov, “First samples of Ti and Nb tubes explosion welding joint with stainless steel for ILC 1.8K cryomodule,” Phys. Part. Nucl. 44, 728-756 (2013).
Yu. V. Taran et al., “Residual stresses in an explosion welding titanium-steel bilayer pipe by neutron diffraction,” JINR News, No. 4, 16 (2011).
B. Sabirov et al.,”Modernisation of the ILC cryomodule using high-tech technology – explosion welding,” in Proceedings of the XXIV Russian Particle Accelerator Conference (RuPAC'2014) (Obninsk, 2014).
V. I. Lisak and S. V. Kuzmin, Explosion Welding (Mashinostroenie, Moscow, 2005) [in Russian].
A. Basti, B. Sabirov, et al., “Optimization of ILC cryomodule design using explosion welding technology,” in Proceedings of the International Particle Accelerator Conference (IPAC'15) (Richmond, VA, 2015).
B. Sabirov et al., RU Patent No. 2540978C1 (2015).
B. Sabirov et al., “High technology application to modernisation of international electron-positron linear collider (ILC),” in Proceedings of the Conference “New Trends in High-Energy Physics” (Budva, Montenegro, 2016), pp. 284–291.
B. Sabirov et al., “Recent optimized design of ILC cryomodule with explosion welding technology,” JINR Commun., No. E9-2017-23 (2017).
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
We would like to extend our great appreciation to our co-authors professor A. Balagurov from FLNP, JINR (Dubna); Dr. A. Venter from PSI, (Switzerland); I. Malkov, V. Perevozchikov from RFNC-VNIIEF (Sarov); N. Dhanaraj, M. Foley, R. Kephart, A. Klebaner, D. Mitchell from FNAL (Batavia, USA) for their invaluable contribution to the current publications in the course of the work.
We express our thanks to K.A. Anderson, H. Carter, L. Cooley, R. Montier, D. Plant, B. Smith, B. Tennis and V. Yarba from Cryogenic Department of the Accelerator and Technical Divisions of FNAL for the organization and technical assistance in the preparation and conduct of the tests, as well as to the technical personnel of the INFN for construction of the testing facility and assistance in conducting the tests in Pisa.
We would like to express our special gratitude to the technical personnel of the RFNC-VNIIEF for their fruitful creative work on the development of the unique bimetallic pipe joints.
We are also deeply grateful to the former Director of the JINR Academician A.N. Sisakian, scientific supervisor from the RFNC-VNIIEF Academician R.I. Ilkaev, former Director of the FERMILAB Professor Pier Oddone, Director of the E. Paton Electrowelding Institute Academician B. Paton, and Directorate of the INFN Pisa for their far-sighted initiative, which has led to a quite promising approach of using the explosion welding method for modernization of the cryosystem of the International Linear Collider (ILC). To achieve success in the development of the aforementioned approach was only possible under their constant support.
This manuscript has been co-authored by Fermi Research Alliance, LLC under Contract No. DE-AC02-07CH11359 with the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of High Energy Physics.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Basti, A., Bedeschi, F., Bryzgalin, A. et al. Upgrade of the ILC Cryomodule. Phys. Part. Nuclei 51, 1075–1085 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1134/S1063779620060027
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S1063779620060027