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The root growth reduction in response to mechanical stress involves ethylene-mediated microtubule reorganization and transmembrane receptor-mediated signal transduction in Arabidopsis

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Abstract

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We found that mutations in a Ca 2+ -permeable mechanosensitive channel MCA1, an ethylene-regulated microtubule-associated protein WDL5, and a versatile co-receptor BAK1 affect root growth response to mechanical stress.

Abstract

Plant root tips exposed to mechanical impedance show a temporal reduction in the elongation growth. The process involves a transient Ca2+ increase in the cytoplasm followed by ethylene signaling. To dissect the molecular mechanisms underlying this response, we examined the root growth of a series of Arabidopsis mutants with potentially altered response to mechanical stress after transfer from vertical to horizontal plates that were covered by dialysis membrane as an impedance. Among the plant hormone-response mutants tested, the ethylene-insensitive mutant ein3 was confirmed to show no growth reduction after the transfer. The root growth reduction was attenuated in a mutant of MCA1 encoding a Ca2+-permeable mechanosensitive channel and that of WDL5 encoding an ethylene-regulated microtubule-associated protein. We also found that the growth reduction was enhanced in a mutant of BAK1 encoding a co-receptor that pairs with numerous leucine-rich repeat receptor kinases to modulate growth and immunity. These results suggest the root growth reduction in response to mechanical stress involves ethylene-mediated microtubule reorganization and also transmembrane receptor-mediated signal transduction.

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Acknowledgements

This study was supported in part by the Nakahara Research and Education Foundation (to TO), by Ryobi Teien Memory Foundation (to TO) and by Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research [no. 16H0124518] from the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (to TT).

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  1. Shogo Takatani

    Present address: Laboratoire de Reproduction Et Développement Des Plantes, Université de Lyon, ENS de Lyon, UCB Lyon 1, CNRS, INRAE, Lyon, France

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Okayama, 700-8530, Japan

    Takashi Okamoto, Shogo Takatani, Hiroyasu Motose & Taku Takahashi

  2. Department of Biology, Tokyo Gakugei University, Tokyo, 184-8501, Japan

    Hidetoshi Iida

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  1. Takashi Okamoto
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  2. Shogo Takatani
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  3. Hiroyasu Motose
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  5. Taku Takahashi
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Contributions

TO and ST performed the experiments. TO, HM and TT designed the research, analyzed the data and carried out statistical analyses. TO, HI and TT wrote the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Takashi Okamoto.

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Communicated by Qiaochun Wang.

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Movie. S1 Time-lapse movie of 5-day-old wild-type seedlings grown under mechanically impeded conditions. Time stamp shown in upper left of the movie represents the time (h:min) after the seedlings were placed on the plate (AVI 495 KB)

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Okamoto, T., Takatani, S., Motose, H. et al. The root growth reduction in response to mechanical stress involves ethylene-mediated microtubule reorganization and transmembrane receptor-mediated signal transduction in Arabidopsis. Plant Cell Rep 40, 575–582 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00299-020-02653-6

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