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Investigation of Microwave and Thermal Processing of Electrode Material of End-of-Life Ni-MH Battery

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Abstract

Ni-metal hydride (NiMH) batteries should be recycled, as they contain base metals (Ni, Co) and rare earth elements (La, Ce). In this study, thermal and microwave treatments are investigated as a pre-treatment method for decomposing electrode material (Ni(OH)2 and LaNi5). The kinetic analysis of thermal decomposition electrode material yields the activation energy of 41.3 kJ/mol. The maximum percentage of lanthanum nickel oxide phase and cerium oxide phase is obtained at 1000°C of thermal treatment and 15 min of microwave exposure. The formation of melted balls of Ni and its oxide (Ni ~ 72.8%) was observed in microwave exposure, and the tendency of ball formation decreased with increasing exposure time. The effect of microwave exposure and thermal treatment on the acid leaching (1 M HCl, at S/L-1:20, at 70°C for 2 h) was studied. The leaching results showed NiO and CeO2 phases in the leach residue of thermal and microwave treated products.

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to thank the Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee, for providing Faculty Initiation Grant funds via FIG-100714, and Mr. Sanjay Pindar for calculation work.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Extractive Metallurgy Laboratory, Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, IIT-Roorkee, Roorkee, Uttarakhand, 247667, India

    Shaila Mir, Neha Shukla & Nikhil Dhawan

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  1. Shaila Mir
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  2. Neha Shukla
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  3. Nikhil Dhawan
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Correspondence to Nikhil Dhawan.

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Mir, S., Shukla, N. & Dhawan, N. Investigation of Microwave and Thermal Processing of Electrode Material of End-of-Life Ni-MH Battery. JOM 73, 951–961 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11837-020-04530-9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11837-020-04530-9

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