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Hydrochemistry characters and hydrochemical processes under the impact of anthropogenic activity in the Yiyuan city, Northern China

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Abstract

Water resource is a valuable resource for human beings to survive and maintain social stability and development. However, in recent years, the process of urbanization has been accelerated, and many cities and towns have presented groundwater pollution. To investigate the spatial distribution of hydrochemical components in urban areas after groundwater pollution and the hydrogeochemical effects on surrounding areas, using multifarious methods such as classical statistics, geostatistics, saturation index, and stable isotopes, the hydrogeochemical effects along groundwater flow were analyzed and deduced. The results show that the main ions of the groundwater in the Yiyuan are Ca2+ and HCO3−, it is mainly low-salinity fresh water, and the hydrochemistry type is mainly HCO3–Ca·Mg type. Groundwater pollution in urban areas increases the content of inorganic and organic matter in groundwater, the main ions affected are NO3−, Cl−, Ca2+, and SO42−, and their concentrations increased by 12.3, 22.3, 7.6, and 12.3 mg/L, respectively. In the city, negative cation exchange occurs mainly, after leaving the city, cation exchange occurs mainly. The results of the saturation index calculation indicate that groundwater pollution has little effect on the dissolution and precipitation of minerals. After leaving the town, denitrification, desulphurization, and cation exchange occurs in the underground aquifer, which reduces the concentration of pollutants in the groundwater. The study suggests that a variety of hydrogeochemical processes play an important role in the spontaneous reduction of some pollutant concentrations in groundwater away from the pollution source, while the concentration of other substances may rise.

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Rational requests for data and materials should be addressed to Zongjun Gao.

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Funding

This study was supported by the Center for Hydrogeology and Environmental Geology Survey and First Institute of Oceanography. Funded projects are “A 1:50,000 hydrogeological survey of Yimeng Mountains (12120114010902)” and “National Natural Science Foundation of China (U1806212)”.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266590, Shandong, China

    Zhenyan Wang, Zongjun Gao, Shu Wang & Jiutan Liu

  2. Key Laboratory of Marine Sedimentology and Environmental Geology, First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources of the People’s Republic of China, Qingdao, 266061, China

    Zhenyan Wang, Shu Wang & Qiao Su

  3. Center for Hydrogeology and Environmental Geology Survey, China Geological Survey, Baoding, 071051, Hebei, China

    Wei Li, Qijun Deng, Lin Lv & Yuanqing Liu

Authors
  1. Zhenyan Wang
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  2. Zongjun Gao
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  3. Shu Wang
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  4. Jiutan Liu
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  5. Wei Li
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  6. Qijun Deng
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  7. Lin Lv
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  8. Yuanqing Liu
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  9. Qiao Su
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Contributions

Conceptualization: ZW and SW; methodology: ZW and ZG; formal analysis and investigation: ZW and SW; writing—original draft preparation: ZW and SW; writing—review and editing: ZG and JL; funding acquisition: WL and QS; resources: WL, QD, LL, and YL; supervision: ZG, JL, and QS.

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Correspondence to Zongjun Gao.

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Wang, Z., Gao, Z., Wang, S. et al. Hydrochemistry characters and hydrochemical processes under the impact of anthropogenic activity in the Yiyuan city, Northern China. Environ Earth Sci 80, 60 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12665-020-09361-0

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12665-020-09361-0

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