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Different responses of ecohydrological processes in the re-vegetation area between the dip and anti-dip slope in a karst rocky desertification area in southwestern China

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Abstract

Background

Rocky desertification is an economic, social, and environmental problem, which refers to the processes and human activities that transform a karst area covered by vegetation and soil into a rocky landscape. The effects of different types of soil cover on ecohydrological processes during the revegetation of areas undergoing karst rocky desertification remain unclear. Taking different measures for different ecohydrological situations will benefit re-vegetation in karst rocky desertification areas.

Methods and aims

Monthly/heavy rainfall hydrochemical data and the δ13C of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) in karst water samples from January 2017 to December 2019 were obtained. This revealed the controlling mechanisms on hydrochemical processes by δ13CDIC under different soil cover conditions in the dip/anti-dip slopes of a karst trough valley in Ganxi Town, Chongqing City, southwestern China.

Results

Hydrochemical variations are controlled by climate, soil, and vegetation and show clear seasonality. The δ13CDIC values (−16.88‰ to −3.49‰) in the study area were higher than the theoretical value (−14.00‰). In addition, it was observed that rain accelerated soil erosion (R2=0.7) in the karst trough valley and human activities (exogenous acid) resulted in DIC loss. The slopes, soil, and bare rock cover on the dip slope were different from that on the anti-dip slope, leading to the difference in their re-vegetation statuses.

Conclusions

In this study, we found that different vegetation restoration schemes and treatment measures should be implemented between the dip and anti-dip slope. The protection of soil and water resources, especially soil, is the key to ecological restoration in rocky desertification areas.

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by the National Key R&D Program of China (2016YFC050230205) and grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (41975114, 41877450, and 41672160). We thank Yidong Li, Yingran Yan, and other classmates for their help during the field work, Yuxiang Lv for providing the original drawing of China, and Xiaoshan Chen for her suggestions in Fig. 1. We thank Accdon (www.Accdon.com) for its linguistic assistance during the preparation of this manuscript.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Geographical Sciences, State Cultivation Base of Ecoagriculture for Southwest Mountainous Land, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China

    Wenjie Xiao, Yan Yang, Zhili He, Xiaogang Zou, Xianhui You & Wei-Yu Shi

  2. Chongqing Key Laboratory of Karst Environment, Chongqing, 400715, China

    Wenjie Xiao, Yan Yang, Zhili He, Xiaogang Zou, Xianhui You & Wei-Yu Shi

  3. Key Laboratory for Humid Subtropical Eco-geographical Process of the Ministry of Education, School of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, 350007, China

    Xiuyang Jiang & Yunyue Yang

  4. Institute of Geography, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, 350007, China

    Xiuyang Jiang

  5. Harmo Trust Agriculture Development Co., Ltd, Chongqing, 409800, China

    Zhuzhou Zeng

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Correspondence to Yan Yang.

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Xiao, W., Yang, Y., Jiang, X. et al. Different responses of ecohydrological processes in the re-vegetation area between the dip and anti-dip slope in a karst rocky desertification area in southwestern China. Plant Soil 475, 25–43 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-020-04821-9

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