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Voltage quality improvement in electrical distribution networks using dynamic voltage restorers: design, simulation and experimental tests of a robust controller

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Abstract

This paper presents a simulation and implementation of a proportional integral (PI) and adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) control scheme of single-phase dynamic voltage restorer (DVR) for the mitigation of load voltage sag, swell and harmonics. The objective of the control strategies is to regulate the voltage of the DVR via an injection transformer to compensate for the voltage required and maintain the load voltage at a constant value. However, the conventional compensation techniques are grouped only on the load voltage and the DVR itself. The aim is to regulate the injection voltage of the DVR to compensate the grid voltage via the injection transformer in addition to maintaining the load voltage stable. These methods have been adapted to sinusoidal references and is resistant to sags, swells and harmonics. The proposed control strategies of the DVR are initially evaluated in simulations under MATLAB/Simulink and then validated on a laboratorial prototype of the single-phase DVR. n in-depth analysis across different controllers would show the performance and their robustness in mitigating network power quality issues. The robustness of the proposed ANFIS controller is examined by comparative studies with the PI controller. We notice that the proposed ANFIS controller was able to obtain a lower total harmonic distortion than that of the PI method.

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Acknowledgements

At the end of this work, I thank all doctor colleges and professors who participated in this work with their information’s and who helped me as possible, doctor colleges and professors of Smart Grid and Renewables Energies Laboratory (SGRE-Lab) and LDDEE, Laboratoire de Développement Durable de l’Energie Electrique.

Funding

The authors are thankful to DGRSDT for providing a research grant. Josep M. Guerrero was supported by VILLUM FONDEN under the VILLUM Investigator (Grant No. 25920): Center for Research on Microgrids (CROM).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. LDDEE, Laboratoire de Développement Durable de l’Energie Electrique, University of Science and Technology Mohamed Boudiaf, Bir El Djir, Oran, Algeria

    Toufik Toumi & Ahmed Allali

  2. Laboratory Smart Grids and Renewable Energies (SGRE-Lab), University of Tahri Mohammed Bechar, Béchar, Algeria

    Othmane Abdelkhalek & Mohamed Amine Soumeur

  3. CROM, Center for Research on Microgrids, Department of Energy Technology, Aalborg University, 9220, Aalborg, Denmark

    Josep M. Guerrero & Yacine Terriche

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  1. Toufik Toumi
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  2. Ahmed Allali
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  3. Othmane Abdelkhalek
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  4. Josep M. Guerrero
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  6. Mohamed Amine Soumeur
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Correspondence to Ahmed Allali.

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Appendices

Appendix 1

The layer structure of ANFIS is depicted in Fig. 21.

Fig. 21
figure 21

Structures of ANFIS

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Appendix 2

The Structures of PI controller is depicted in Fig. 22.

Fig. 22
figure 22

Structures of PI controller

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The transfer function of a PI controller is given by:

$$ H_{i} \left( s \right) = K_{p} + \frac{{K_{i} }}{s} $$
(10)

The equivalent circuit of the DVR is illustrated in Fig. 23. The use of Kirchhoff’s law, obtains a mathematical formulation

$$ v_{\text{t}} = R_{\text{f}} i_{\text{L}} + L_{\text{f}} \frac{{{\text{d}}i_{\text{L}} }}{{{\text{d}}t}} + V_{\text{inj}} $$
(11)
$$ V_{\text{inj}} = \frac{1}{{C_{\text{f}} }}\smallint i_{\text{c}} {\text{d}}t $$
(12)
Fig. 23
figure 23

Series converter single-phase representation

Full size image

The transfer function of the series converter is as follows:

$$ G_{\text{vse}} \left( s \right) = \frac{{\hat{V}_{\text{inj}} \left( s \right)}}{{\hat{i}_{\text{c}} \left( s \right)}} $$
(13)

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Toumi, T., Allali, A., Abdelkhalek, O. et al. Voltage quality improvement in electrical distribution networks using dynamic voltage restorers: design, simulation and experimental tests of a robust controller. Electr Eng 103, 1661–1678 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00202-020-01158-5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00202-020-01158-5

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