Abstract
A highly efficient and environmentally benign synthesis of N-fused heterocyclic compounds including pyrido[1,2-a]pyrimidine-6-one moiety is successfully achieved via a sequential four-component reaction. The process involves the formation of diversely substituted 9-nitro-1,2,3,4,7,8-hexahydro-6H-pyrido[1,2-a]pyrimidin-6-ones from the reaction of Meldrum’s acid, benzaldehydes, 1,1-bis(methylthio)-2-nitroethylene and various diamines in the presence of p-toluene sulfonic acid (PTSA) as an acidic catalyst in water as a green solvent. The salient features of the present methodology are easily available starting materials, the use of water as environmentally benign solvent, simple execution, applicable to a wide range of starting materials and good to excellent yields.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Armstrong RW, Combs AP, Tempest PA, Brown DS, Keating TA (1996) Multiple-component condensation strategies for combinatorial library synthesis. Acc Chem Res 29:123–131. https://doi.org/10.1021/ar9502083
Awouters F, Vermeire J, Smeyers F, Vermote P, Van Beek R, Niemegeers CJ (1986) Oral antiallergic activity in ascaris hypersensitive dogs: a study of known antihistamines and of the new compounds ramastine (R 57 959) and levocabastine (R 50 547). Drug Dev Res 8:95–102. https://doi.org/10.1002/ddr.430080112
Bagdi AK, Santra S, Monir K, Hajra A (2015) Synthesis of imidazo[1,2-a]pyridines: a decade update. Chem Commun 51:1555–1575. https://doi.org/10.1039/C4CC08495K
Baviskar AT et al (2011) N-fused imidazoles as novel anticancer agents that inhibit catalytic activity of topoisomerase IIα and induce apoptosis in G1/S phase. J Med Chem 54:5013–5030. https://doi.org/10.1021/jm200235u
Bayat M, Rezaee M, Zhu LG (2017) A simple one-pot synthesis of fully substituted 1H-pyridone[1,2-a]-fused-1,3-diazaheterocycles. J Heterocycl Chem 54:2748–2754. https://doi.org/10.1002/jhet.2877
Borrell M, Costas M (2018) Greening oxidation catalysis: iron catalyzed alkene syn-dihydroxylation with aqueous hydrogen peroxide in green solvents. ACS Sustain Chem Eng 6:8410–8416. https://doi.org/10.1021/acssuschemeng.8b00542
Chanda A, Fokin VV (2009) Organic synthesis “on water.” Chem Rev 109:725–748. https://doi.org/10.1021/cr800448q
Chen J, Spear SK, Huddleston JG, Rogers RD (2005) Polyethylene glycol and solutions of polyethylene glycol as green reaction media. Green Chem 7:64–82. https://doi.org/10.1039/B413546F
Chernyak D, Gadamsetty SB, Gevorgyan V (2008) Low temperature organocopper-mediated two-component cross coupling/cycloisomerization approach toward N-fused heterocycles. Org Lett 10:2307–2310. https://doi.org/10.1021/ol8008705
Dou Y, Huang X, Wang H, Yang L, Li H, Yuan B, Yang G (2017) Reusable cobalt-phthalocyanine in water: efficient catalytic aerobic oxidative coupling of thiols to construct S–N/S–S bonds. Green Chem 19:2491–2495. https://doi.org/10.1039/C7GC00401J
Elattar KM, Mert BD (2016) Recent developments in the chemistry of bicyclic 6–6 systems: chemistry of pyrido[4,3-d]pyrimidines. RSC Adv 6:71827–71851. https://doi.org/10.1039/C6RA12364C
Elattar KM, Rabie R, Hammouda MM (2016) Recent developments in the chemistry of bicyclic 6–6 systems: chemistry of pyrido[1,2-c]pyrimidines. Synth Commun 46:1477–1498. https://doi.org/10.1080/00397911.2016.1211702
Elattar KM, Rabie R, Hammouda MM (2017) Recent progress in the chemistry of bicyclic 6–6 systems: chemistry of pyrido[1,2-a]pyrimidines. Monatsh Chem 148:601–627. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00706-016-1852-1
Grieco PA (1997) Organic synthesis in water. Springer Science and Business Media, Berlin
Hermecz I, Mészáros Z (1988) Pyrido[1,2-a]pyrimidines; new chemical entities in medicinal chemistry. Med Res Rev 8:203–230. https://doi.org/10.1002/med.2610080204
Hooshmand SE, Heidari B, Sedghi R, Varma RS (2019) Recent advances in the Suzuki–Miyaura cross-coupling reaction using efficient catalysts in eco-friendly media. Green Chem 21:381–405. https://doi.org/10.1039/C8GC02860E
Kennis LE et al (2000) New 2-substituted 1,2,3,4-tetrahydrobenzofuro[3,2-c]pyridine having highly active and potent central α2-antagonistic activity as potential antidepressants. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 10:71–74. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0960-894X(99)00591-0
Kumbhar D, Patil R, Patil D, Patravale A, Chandam D, Jadhav S, Deshmukh M (2016) (±)-Camphor-10-sulfonic acid as recyclable and efficient catalyst for the synthesis of some novel coumarin derivatives. Synth Commun 46:85–92. https://doi.org/10.1080/00397911.2015.1121281
Leysen JE, Janssen PM, Megens AA, Schotte A (1994) Risperidone: a novel antipsychotic with balanced serotonin-dopamine antagonism, receptor occupancy profile, and pharmacologic activity. J Clin Psychiatry 55:5–12
Li C-J, Chan T-H (1997) Organic reactions in aqueous media. Wiley, New York
Lipshutz BH, Ghorai S (2009) Transition metal catalyzed cross-couplings going green-In water at room temperature. ChemInform 40:59–72. https://doi.org/10.1002/chin.200941255
Liu P, Hao J-W, Mo L-P, Zhang Z-H (2015) Recent advances in the application of deep eutectic solvents as sustainable media as well as catalysts in organic reactions. RSC Adv 5:48675–48704. https://doi.org/10.1039/C5RA05746A
Liu J, Yan S-J, Cao Z-M, Cui S-S, Lin J (2016) Synthesis of bicyclic 2-pyridones by regioselective annulations of heterocyclic ketene aminals with anhydrides. RSC Adv 6:103057–103064. https://doi.org/10.1039/C6RA23451H
Monier M, Abdel-Latif D, El-Mekabaty A, Mert BD, Elattar KM (2019) Advances in the chemistry of 6–6 bicyclic systems: chemistry of pyrido[3,4-d]pyrimidines. Curr Org Synth 16:812–854. https://doi.org/10.2174/1570179416666190704113647
Polshettiwar V, Varma RS (2010) Nano-organocatalyst: magnetically retrievable ferrite-anchored glutathione for microwave-assisted Paal–Knorr reaction, aza-Michael addition, and pyrazole synthesis. Tetrahedron 66:1091–1097. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tet.2009.11.015
Quin LD, Tyrell JA (2010) Fundamentals of heterocyclic chemistry: importance in nature and in the synthesis of pharmaceuticals. Wiley, Hoboken
Rahimi F, Bayat M, Hosseini H (2019) Synthesis of spiroimidazopyridineoxindole, spiropyridopyrimidineoxindole and spiropyridodiazepineoxindole derivatives based on heterocyclic ketene aminals via a four-component reaction. RSC Adv 9:16384–16389. https://doi.org/10.1039/C8RA10379H
Rajarathinam B, Kumaravel K, Vasuki G (2016) Green chemistry oriented multi-component strategy to hybrid heterocycles. RSC Adv 6:73848–73852. https://doi.org/10.1039/C6RA11543H
Rezvanian A, Alizadeh A (2012) Powerful approach to synthesis of fused oxa-aza[3.3.3]propellanes via chemoselective sequential MCR in a single pot. Tetrahedron 68:10164–10168. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tet.2012.09.101
Rezvanian A, Babashah M (2019) Synthesis of spiropyrazolines via a pseudo-six component reaction. J Heterocycl Chem 56:1362–1368. https://doi.org/10.1002/jhet.3510
Rezvanian A, Alinaghian F, Heravi MM (2018) Metal-free assemblage of four C–N and two C–C bonds via a cascade five component diastereoselective synthesis of pyrido[1,2-a]Pyrimidines. ChemistrySelect 3:11565–11568. https://doi.org/10.1002/slct.201802481
Rezvanian A, Babashah M, Anafcheh M (2019) A novel pseudo six-component synthesis of functionalized pyrazoles in ethanol by cascade reaction. Mol Divers 23:875–883. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11030-018-9908-2
Rosowsky A, Mota CE, Queener SF (1995) Synthesis and antifolate activity of 2,4-diamino-5,6,7,8-tetrahydropyrido[4,3-d]pyrimidine analogues of trimetrexate and piritrexim. J Heterocycl Chem 32:335–340. https://doi.org/10.1002/jhet.5570320155
Seregin IV, Schammel AW, Gevorgyan V (2007) Base-and ligand-free room-temperature synthesis of N-fused heteroaromatic compounds via the transition metal-catalyzed cycloisomerization protocol. Org Lett 9:3433–3436. https://doi.org/10.1021/ol701464j
Shiri P, Aboonajmi J (2020) A systematic review on silica-, carbon-, and magnetic materials-supported copper species as efficient heterogeneous nanocatalysts in “click” reactions. Beilstein J Org Chem 16:551–586. https://doi.org/10.3762/bjoc.16.52
Sladowska H, Bartoszko-Malik A, Zawisza T (1990) Synthesis and properties of new derivatives of ethyl 7-methyl-2,4-dioxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidine-5-carboxylate. Farmaco 45:101–110. https://doi.org/10.1002/chin.199037219
Smith RL, Barrett RJ, Sanders-Bush E (1995) Neurochemical and behavioral evidence that quipazine–ketanserin discrimination is mediated by serotonin2A receptor. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 275:1050–1057
Soh L, Eckelman MJ (2016) Green solvents in biomass processing. ACSSustain Chem Eng 4:5821–5837. https://doi.org/10.1021/acssuschemeng.6b01635
Sunderhaus JD, Martin SF (2009) Applications of multicomponent reactions to the synthesis of diverse heterocyclic scaffolds. Chem Eur J 15:1300–1308. https://doi.org/10.1002/chem.200802140
Survase D, Bandgar B, Helavi V (2017) Polyethylene glycol-promoted synthesis of pyrimido[1,2-a]benzimidazole and pyrano[2,3-c]pyrazole derivatives in water. Synth Commun 47:680–687. https://doi.org/10.1080/00397911.2017.1278774
Tang S, Li L, Ren X, Li J, Yang G, Li H, Yuan B (2019) Metallomicelle catalyzed aerobic tandem desilylation/glaser reaction in water. Green Chem 21:2899–2904. https://doi.org/10.1039/C8GC03815E
Thiel OR, Achmatowicz MM, Reichelt A, Larsen RD (2010) Palladium-catalyzed coupling of aldehyde-derived hydrazones: practical synthesis of triazolopyridines and related heterocycles. Angew Chem 122:8573–8576. https://doi.org/10.1002/ange.201001999
Toure BB, Hall DG (2009) Natural product synthesis using multicomponent reaction strategies. Chem Rev 109:4439–4486. https://doi.org/10.1021/cr800296p
Vala MM, Bayat M, Bayat Y (2020) Synthesis of highly functionalized hydropyridones: thiazolo[3,2-a]pyridin-5-one-6-carbohydrazones and tetrahydroimidazo[1,2-a]pyridin-5-one-2-carbohydrazones. J Sulfur Chem 41:542–560. https://doi.org/10.1080/17415993.2020.1770252
Velasco J, Perez-Mayoral E, Calvino-Casilda V, Lopez-Peinado AJ, Banares MA, Soriano E (2015) Imidazolium sulfonates as environmental-friendly catalytic systems for the synthesis of biologically active 2-amino-4 H-chromenes: mechanistic insights. J Phys Chem B 119:12042–12049. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpcb.5b06275
Wang S, Huang H, Bruneau C, Fischmeister C (2019a) Iridium-catalyzed hydrogenation and dehydrogenation of N-heterocycles in water under mild conditions. Chemsuschem 12:2350–2354. https://doi.org/10.1002/cssc.201900626
Wang Z, Zeng H, Li C-J (2019b) Dearomatization-rearomatization strategy for reductive cross-coupling of indoles with ketones in water. Org Lett 21:2302–2306. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.orglett.9b00591
Welsch ME, Snyder SA, Stockwell BR (2010) Privileged scaffolds for library design and drug discovery. Curr Opin Chem Biol 14:347–361. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cbpa.2010.02.018
Xie L-Y et al (2019) Clean preparation of quinolin-2-yl substituted ureas in water. ACS Sustain Chem Eng 7:7193–7199. https://doi.org/10.1021/acssuschemeng.9b00200
Xu J, Huang W, Bai R, Queneau Y, Jérôme F, Gu Y (2019) Utilization of bio-based glycolaldehyde aqueous solution in organic synthesis: application to the synthesis of 2,3-dihydrofurans. Green Chem 21:2061–2069. https://doi.org/10.1039/C8GC04000A
Yanagihara Y, Kasai H, Kawashima T, Shida T (1988) Immunopharmacological studies on TBX, a new antiallergic drug (1) inhibitory effects on passive cutaneous anaphylaxis in rats and guinea pigs. Jpn J Pharmacol 48:91–101. https://doi.org/10.1254/jjp.51.83
Zeng H, Wang Z, Li CJ (2019) Two-in-one strategy for palladium-catalyzed C−H functionalization in water. Angew Chem Int Ed 58:2859–2863. https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.201813391
Zhao H, Malhotra SV (2002) Applications of ionic liquids in organic synthesis. Aldrichimica Acta 35:75–83
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Supplementary Information
Below is the link to the electronic supplementary material.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Rezvanian, A., Amoozadkhalili, F. & Roosta, A. Sequential four-component protocol for the synthesis of pyrido[1,2-a]pyrimidin-6-one derivatives in water. Chem. Pap. 75, 2417–2424 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11696-020-01450-5
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11696-020-01450-5