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Size Estimation of People Who Inject Drugs and Their Geographical Distribution in Dogonbadan, Iran, During 2018: a Mapping Method

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Abstract

The aim of this cross-sectional study was investigation of geographical distribution and size estimation of people who inject drugs (PWIDs) in Dogonbadan, Iran, in 2018 using geographical mapping method. Data was obtained through interviewing primary and secondary key informants as well as field team observations. Population size was estimated by median in Stata software (version 14). GIS software (version 10.6.1) was used to prepare the density and distribution maps of the hotspots. We identified 52 hotspots of drug users; injection of drugs occurred in 31 of the hotspots. The prevalence of injecting drugs was 232.4 per 100,000 adults, while it was 21.9 and 441.8 among females and males, respectively. A large number of identified hotspots are not covered by harm reduction services. Increasing outreach teams, equipping of harm reduction centers, and moving them to the nearest location to hotspots are suggested.

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Funding

This research was supported by the Secretariat of the Counternarcotic Coordinating Council Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad, Iran (Grant Number 15/2303162).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Student Research Committee and Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran

    Sayed Hassan Faghihi

  2. HIV/STI Surveillance Research Center and WHO Collaborating Center for HIV Surveillance, Institute for Futures Studies in Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran

    Nima Ghalekhani

  3. HIV/AIDS Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran

    Parvin Afsar Kazerooni

  4. Epidemiology and Biostatistics Department, Health School; and Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Hezar Garib Boulevard, Isfahan, Iran

    Maryam Nasirian

Authors
  1. Sayed Hassan Faghihi
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  2. Nima Ghalekhani
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  3. Parvin Afsar Kazerooni
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  4. Maryam Nasirian
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Contributions

All authors contributed to the study conception and design. Material preparation, data collection, and analysis were performed by Sayed Hassan Faghihi, Nima Ghalekhani, Parvin Afsar Kazerooni, and Maryam Nasirian. The first draft of the manuscript was written by Sayed Hassan Faghihi and all authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Maryam Nasirian.

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The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Ethical Approval

The study protocol was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Research Deputy of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran (Ethical code.IR.MUI.REC.1396.3.886). Moreover, all procedures followed were in accordance with the ethical standards of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.

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Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.

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Faghihi, S.H., Ghalekhani, N., Kazerooni, P.A. et al. Size Estimation of People Who Inject Drugs and Their Geographical Distribution in Dogonbadan, Iran, During 2018: a Mapping Method. Int J Ment Health Addiction 20, 1246–1258 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11469-020-00439-1

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