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Assessment of fungal diversity present in lakes of Maritime Antarctica using DNA metabarcoding: a temporal microcosm experiment

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Abstract

We evaluated the fungal diversity in two lakes on the South Shetland Islands, using DNA metabarcoding through high-throughput sequencing (HTS). A microcosm experiment was deployed for two consecutive years in lakes on Deception and King George islands to capture potential decomposer freshwater fungi. Analyses of the baits revealed 258,326 DNA reads distributed in 34 fungal taxa of the phyla Ascomycota, Basidiomycota, Mortierellomycota, Chytridiomycota and Rozellomycota. Tetracladium marchalianum, Tetracladium sp., Rozellomycota sp., Fungal sp. 1 and Fungal sp. 2 were the most common taxa detected. However, the majority of the communities comprised intermediate and rare taxa. Both fungal communities displayed moderate indices of diversity, richness and dominance. Only six taxa were detected in both lakes, including the most dominant T. marchalianum and Tetracladium sp. The high numbers of reads of the known aquatic saprotrophic hyphomycetes T. marchalianum and Tetracladium sp. in the baits suggest that these fungi may digest organic material in Antarctic lakes, releasing available carbon and nutrients to the other aquatic organisms present in the complex lake food web. Our data confirm that the use of cotton baits together with HTS approaches can be appropriate to study the diversity of resident freshwater fungi present in Antarctic lakes.

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Acknowledgments

This study received financial support from CNPq, PROANTAR, FAPEMIG, Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior—Brasil (CAPES), INCT Criosfera 2. P. Convey is supported by NERC core funding to the British Antarctic Survey’s ‘Biodiversity, Evolution and Adaptation’ Team. We also thank congresswoman Jô Moraes and the Biological Sciences Institute of the University of Brasilia.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Departamento de Microbiologia, Laboratório de Microbiologia Polar e Conexões Tropicais, Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, P. O. Box 486, Belo Horizonte, MG, CEP 31270-901, Brazil

    Láuren M. D. de Souza, Mayara B. Ogaki, Carlos A. Rosa & Luiz H. Rosa

  2. Departamento de Botânica, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, Brazil

    Paulo E. A. S. Câmara & Micheline Carvalho-Silva

  3. Departamento de Biologia Celular, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, Brazil

    Otávio H. B. Pinto

  4. British Antarctic Survey, NERC, High Cross, Madingley Road, Cambridge, CB3 0ET, UK

    Peter Convey

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  1. Láuren M. D. de Souza
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  2. Mayara B. Ogaki
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  3. Paulo E. A. S. Câmara
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  6. Micheline Carvalho-Silva
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  7. Carlos A. Rosa
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  8. Luiz H. Rosa
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Correspondence to Luiz H. Rosa.

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Communicated by A. Oren.

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de Souza, L.M.D., Ogaki, M.B., Câmara, P.E.A.S. et al. Assessment of fungal diversity present in lakes of Maritime Antarctica using DNA metabarcoding: a temporal microcosm experiment. Extremophiles 25, 77–84 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00792-020-01212-x

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