Electronic microstructure and thermal conductivity modeling of semiconductor nanomaterials

Abstract

In order to improve the thermal conductivity of semiconductor materials, the application of nano materials in the thermal conductivity analysis of semiconductor materials is proposed. According to the requirements of electronic microstructure analysis of semiconductor nanomaterials, transmission electron microscope is selected. The innovation of this paper is to establish the thermal conductivity model of semiconductor nanomaterials through the process of unit selection initial analysis specific analysis. Take semiconductor nanomaterials as an example ${\text{Ti}}_3{\text{C}}_2{\text{T}}_{\text{x}}$ as the experimental object, the structural components and mass of ${\text{Ti}}_3{\text{C}}_2{\text{T}}_{\text{x}}$ are analyzed by transmission electron microscope. The thermal conductivity of ${\text{Ti}}_3{\text{C}}_2{\text{T}}_{\text{x}}$ at 80 K–290 K is obtained by T-shape method and thermal conductivity model, which fully confirmed that the experimental object has good structural performance and thermal conductivity.

Introduction

Semiconductors refer to materials with conductivity between conductor and insulator at room temperature. Semiconductors are used in integrated circuits, consumer electronics, communication systems, photovoltaic power generation, lighting, high-power conversion and other fields. For example, diodes are devices made of semiconductors [1]. No matter from the perspective of science and technology or economic development, the importance of semiconductor is very huge. Most electronic products, such as computers, mobile phones or digital recorders, have a very close relationship between the core units and semiconductors. Common semiconductor materials are silicon, germanium, gallium arsenide, etc. Silicon is the most influential one in the application of various semiconductor materials [2].

With the rapid development of science and technology [3], the demand for high integration, low power consumption and small size of various devices has made micro technology in short supply. Due to the quantum tunneling effect, it is difficult to work when the characteristic size is below 25 nm. In addition, Reference [4] proposed that nano material science is one of the important frontier fields of modern material science and technology research, which is committed to the design and construction, structural characterization and performance application research of organic, inorganic and hybrid materials with nano size at least in one dimension. When the micro size of the material is reduced to nano scale, the physical and chemical properties of the material will change obviously, such as the common size effect characteristics, including the surface plasmon resonance (SPR) of metal nanoparticles and the quantum confinement of semiconductor particles.

Quantum confirmation and superparamagnetism of magnetic nanomaterials.when the material size reaches the nanometer level, a series of problems caused by the size will arise. How to further improve the integration? How to effectively reduce the feature size? Nano science and technology is emerging and developing rapidly under such a scientific and technological background, which is considered to be the first important science and technology in the 21st century. Other fields will use nanotechnology. Nano scale generally refers to the range of 1 nm–100 nm. Nano science and technology is a new interdisciplinary system based on nano scale. It involves atomic physics, condensed matter physics, colloidal chemistry, solid chemistry, coordination chemistry, chemical reaction dynamics, surface, interface and other disciplines. Generally speaking, nanoscience is a science that studies the laws of material movement and change within the scope of nanoscale, while nanotechnology refers to the technology that manipulates and processes atoms and molecules within the scope of nanoscale. In a broad sense, nano science and technology is not only the nano scale, but also the realization and transformation of nature in a mesoscopic field different from the macro and micro fields, so that human beings can enter a new world of science and technology. Therefore, research into nano science and technology has become a hot spot in the current scientific and technological research.

Semiconductor nanomaterials are made of silicon, gallium arsenide and other semiconductor materials, which have many excellent properties. For example, the quantum tunneling effect in semiconductor nanomaterials makes the electronic transport of some semiconductor materials abnormal, the conductivity decreases, and the electric thermal conductivity also decreases with the decrease of particle size, even negative. These characteristics play an important role in large-scale integrated circuit devices, optoelectronic devices and other fields. New solar cells with high photoelectric conversion efficiency can be prepared by using semiconductor nanomaterials, which can work normally even in rainy days. Due to the strong reduction and oxidation ability of electrons and holes generated when semiconductor nanomaterials are irradiated by light, it can oxidize toxic inorganic substances, degrade most organic substances, and finally generate non-toxic and tasteless carbon dioxide, water, etc [5]. For this reason, we can use semiconductor nanomaterials to catalyze the decomposition of inorganic and organic matters by solar energy. In order to improve the application potential of semiconductor nanomaterials, the electronic microstructure and thermal conductivity modeling analysis of semiconductor nanomaterials are proposed.