Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Biodecolorization of Reactive Red 120 in batch and packed bed column using biochar derived from Ulva reticulata

  • Original Article
  • Published:
Biomass Conversion and Biorefinery Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

A seaweed Ulva reticulata was used to synthesis biochar, and it was used in the removal of Reactive Red 120 (R120). The optimum thermal pyrolysis temperature was found to be 300 °C, and it was confirmed by proximate and elemental analysis of the biochar. The practical applicability of this biochar was explored by conducting the experiments in batch and continuous mode. An up-flow packed bed reactor was used to study the removal of reactive red 120 in continuous mode. The operating parameters like solution pH, contact time, biochar dosage, temperature, initial concentration were studied. A four-parameter model Fritz-Schlunder-IV and pseudo-first-order kinetic model best fitted the experimental uptake with a correlation coefficient of 0.9996 and 0.9951, respectively. The maximum removal efficiency and uptake capacity of 84.2% and 210.5 mg/g were obtained at operating conditions of pH of 2, biochar dosage of 2 g/L, temperature of 30 °C, and initial concentration of 500 mg/L. The partition coefficient was studied to overcome the limitation of the adsorption capacity, and the highest partition coefficient was obtained as 4.13 L/g at 100% breakthrough time with a removal efficiency and uptake capacity of 89.2% and 111.5 mg/g. The thermodynamic study concluded that reactions are spontaneous and endothermic. The continuous study concluded that the uptake capacity of 100.71 mg/g was obtained at operating conditions of bed depth of 25 cm, the flow rate of 0.48 L/h, and initial dye concentration of 250 mg/L.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10
Fig. 11

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Abdolali A, Guo WS, Ngo HH et al (2014) Typical lignocellulosic wastes and by-products for biosorption process in water and wastewater treatment: a critical review. Bioresour Technol 160(2014):57–66. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2013.12.037

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Felista MM, Wanyonyi WC, Ongera G (2020) Adsorption of anionic dye (Reactive black 5) using macadamia seed Husks: kinetics and equilibrium studies. Sci African. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sciaf.2020.e00283

  3. Gokulan R, Avinash A, Prabhu GG, Jegan J (2019) Remediation of remazol dyes by biochar derived from Caulerpa scalpelliformis - an eco-friendly approach. J Environ Chem Eng 7(5):103297. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jece.2019.103297

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Miladinova PM, Vaseva RK, Lukanova VR (2015) Synthesis and investigation of some acid azo dyes for wool. J Chem Technol Metall 22(2000):49–54

    Google Scholar 

  5. Yagub MT, Sen TK, Afroze S, Ang HM (2014) Dye and its removal from aqueous solution by adsorption: a review. Adv Colloid Interf Sci 209(2014):172–184. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cis.2014.04.002

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Salleh MAM, Mahmoud DK, Karim WAWA, Idris A (2011) Cationic and anionic dye adsorption by agricultural solid wastes: a comprehensive review. Desalination. 280(2011):1–13. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2011.07.019

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Fegousse A, El Gaidoumi A, Miyah Y et al (2019) Pineapple bark performance in dyes adsorption: optimization by the central composite design. J Chem. https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/3017163

  8. Franca AS, Oliveira LS, Ferreira ME (2009) Kinetics and equilibrium studies of methylene blue adsorption by spent coffee grounds. Desalination. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2008.11.017

  9. Han R, Zhang L, Song C et al (2010) Characterization of modified wheat straw, kinetic and equilibrium study about copper ion and methylene blue adsorption in batch mode. Carbohydr Polym 79(4):1140–1149. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2009.10.054

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Lehmann J, Joseph S (2012) Biochar for environmental management: an introduction. In: Biochar for Environmental Management: Science and Technology

  11. Liu Y, Liu YJ (2008) Biosorption isotherms, kinetics and thermodynamics. Sep Purif Technol 61(3):229–242. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seppur.2007.10.002

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Beesley L, Moreno-Jiménez E, Gomez-Eyles JL et al (2011) A review of biochars’ potential role in the remediation, revegetation and restoration of contaminated soils. Environ Pollut 159(12):3269–3282. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2011.07.023

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Rameshkumar S, Ramakritinan C., Yokeshbabu M (2012) Proximate composition of some selected seaweeds from Palk bay and Gulf of Mannar, Tamilnadu, India. Asian J Biomed Pharm Sci

  14. Cui Y, Kang W, Qin L et al (2020) Magnetic surface molecularly imprinted polymer for selective adsorption of quinoline from coking wastewater. Chem Eng J. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2020.125480

  15. Gokulan R, Ganesh Prabhu G, Avinash A, Jegan J (2020) Experimental and chemometric analysis of bioremediation of remazol dyes using biochar derived from green seaweeds. Desalin Water Treat 184:340–353. https://doi.org/10.5004/dwt.2020.25339

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Paul J, Rawat KP, Sarma KSS, Sabharwal S (2011) Decoloration and degradation of Reactive Red-120 dye by electron beam irradiation in aqueous solution. Appl Radiat Isot. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apradiso.2011.03.009

  17. Abdin Y, Usman A, Ok YS et al (2020) Competitive sorption and availability of coexisting heavy metals in mining-contaminated soil: contrasting effects of mesquite and fishbone biochars. Environ Res. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2019.108846

  18. Shahzad A, Jang J, Lim SR, Lee DS (2020) Unique selectivity and rapid uptake of molybdenum-disulfide-functionalized MXene nanocomposite for mercury adsorption. Environ Res. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2019.109005

  19. Sivarajasekar N, Baskar R (2014) Adsorption of basic red 9 onto activated carbon derived from immature cotton seeds: isotherm studies and error analysis. Desalin Water Treat. https://doi.org/10.1080/19443994.2013.834518

  20. Gokulan R, Ganesh Prabhu G, Jegan J (2019) A novel sorbent Ulva lactuca-derived biochar for remediation of Remazol Brilliant Orange 3R in packed column. Water Environ Res 91(7):642–649. https://doi.org/10.1002/wer.1092

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. Kim WK, Shim T, Kim YS et al (2013) Characterization of cadmium removal from aqueous solution by biochar produced from a giant Miscanthus at different pyrolytic temperatures. Bioresour Technol 138:266–270. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2013.03.186

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. Jackson MB, Armstrong W (1999) Formation of aerenchyma and the processes of plant ventilation in relation to soil flooding and submergence. Plant Biol 1:274–287. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1438-8677.1999.tb00253.x

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. Armstrong J, Armstrong W (1991) A convective through-flow of gases in Phragmites australis (Cav.) Trin. ex Steud. Aquat Bot 39:75–88. https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-3770(91)90023-X

    Article  Google Scholar 

  24. Mupa M, Rutsito DD, Musekiwa C (2016) Removal of methylene blue from aqueous solutions using biochar prepared from Eichhorrnia crassipes (water hyacinth)-molasses composite: kinetic and equilibrium studies. Afr J Pure Appl Chem 10(6):63–72. https://doi.org/10.5897/ajpac2016.0703

    Article  Google Scholar 

  25. Jeguirim M, Limousy L, Dutournie P (2014) Pyrolysis kinetics and physicochemical properties of agropellets produced from spent ground coffee blended with conventional biomass. Chem Eng Res Des. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cherd.2014.04.018

  26. Aksu Z, Çaǧatay ŞŞ (2006) Investigation of biosorption of Gemazol Turquise Blue-G reactive dye by dried Rhizopus arrhizus in batch and continuous systems. Sep Purif Technol 48:24–35. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seppur.2005.07.017

    Article  Google Scholar 

  27. Tangaromsuk J, Pokethitiyook P, Kruatrachue M, Upatham ES (2002) Cadmium biosorption by Sphingomonas paucimobilis biomass. Bioresour Technol 85:103–105. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0960-8524(02)00066-4

    Article  Google Scholar 

  28. Vijayaraghavan K, Yun YS (2008) Competition of Reactive red 4, Reactive orange 16 and Basic blue 3 during biosorption of Reactive blue 4 by polysulfone-immobilized Corynebacterium glutamicum. J Hazard Mater 153(1):478–486. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2007.08.079

    Article  Google Scholar 

  29. Gerçel Ö, Gerçel HF (2007) Adsorption of lead(II) ions from aqueous solutions by activated carbon prepared from biomass plant material of Euphorbia rigida. Chem Eng J. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2007.01.010

  30. Padmesh TVN, Vijayaraghavan K, Sekaran G, Velan M (2006) Application of two- and three-parameter isotherm models: biosorption of acid red 88 onto Azolla microphylla. Bioremediat J 10(1–2):37–44. https://doi.org/10.1080/10889860600842746

    Article  Google Scholar 

  31. Vikrant K, Kim KH (2019) Nanomaterials for the adsorptive treatment of Hg (II) ions from water. Chem. Eng. J

  32. Ravindiran G, Jeyaraju RM, Josephraj J, Alagumalai A (2019) Comparative desorption studies on remediation of remazol dyes using biochar (sorbent) derived from green marine seaweeds. ChemistrySelect. 4(25):7437–7445. https://doi.org/10.1002/slct.201901348

    Article  Google Scholar 

  33. Lu MC, Biel LCC, Wan MW et al (2016) Adsorption of dibenzothiophene sulfone from fuel using chitosan-coated bentonite (CCB) as biosorbent. Desalin Water Treat 57(11):5108–5118. https://doi.org/10.1080/19443994.2014.996773

    Article  Google Scholar 

  34. Ong HR, Khan MR, Yousuf A et al (2015) Effect of waste rubber powder as filler for plywood application. Pol J Chem Technol 17(1):41–47. https://doi.org/10.1515/pjct-2015-0007

    Article  Google Scholar 

  35. Vijayaraghavan K, Thilakavathi M, Palanivelu K, Velan M (2005) Continuous sorption of copper and cobalt by crab shell particles in a packed column. Environ Technol 26:267–276. https://doi.org/10.1080/09593332608618566

    Article  Google Scholar 

  36. Smebye AB, Sparrevik M, Schmidt HP, Cornelissen G (2017) Life-cycle assessment of biochar production systems in tropical rural areas: comparing flame curtain kilns to other production methods. Biomass Bioenergy 101:35–43. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biombioe.2017.04.001

    Article  Google Scholar 

  37. Lehmann J, Rillig MC, Thies J, Masiello CA, Hockaday WC, Crowley D (2011) Biochar effects on soil biota – a review. Soil Biol Biochem 43:1812–1836

    Article  Google Scholar 

  38. Silva JP, Canchala TR, Lubberding HJ, Peña EJ, Gijzen HJ (2016) Greenhouse gas emissions from a tropical eutrophic freshwater wetland. Int J Environ Ecol Eng 10(5):541–547. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1124217

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Civil Engineering, Government College of Technology, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, 641013, India

    Madhu Kumar

  2. Department of Civil Engineering, GMR Institute of Technology, Rajam, Srikakulam, Andhra Pradesh, 532127, India

    Ravindiran Gokulan & Saravanan Praveen

  3. Department of Civil Engineering, K. Ramakrishnan College of Technology, Trichy, Tamil Nadu, 621112, India

    Sivarethinamohan Sujatha

  4. Department of Chemical Engineering, Mohamed Sathak Engineering College, Ramanathapuram, 623806, India

    Siva Pathanjali Shanmuga Priya

  5. Department of Civil Engineering, PSG Institute of Technology and Applied Research, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, 641062, India

    Sellappan Elayaraja

Authors
  1. Madhu Kumar
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Ravindiran Gokulan
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Sivarethinamohan Sujatha
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Siva Pathanjali Shanmuga Priya
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Saravanan Praveen
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Sellappan Elayaraja
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Ravindiran Gokulan.

Ethics declarations

Conflict of interest

The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.

Additional information

Publisher’s note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Kumar, M., Gokulan, R., Sujatha, S. et al. Biodecolorization of Reactive Red 120 in batch and packed bed column using biochar derived from Ulva reticulata. Biomass Conv. Bioref. 13, 1707–1721 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13399-020-01268-x

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13399-020-01268-x

Keywords

Search

Navigation