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Examining the effects of teen dating violence prevention programs: a systematic review and meta-analysis

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A Correction to this article was published on 24 March 2021

This article has been updated

Abstract

Objectives

This meta-analysis examines the efficacy of programs at increasing knowledge about dating violence, changing attitudes, increasing bystander behaviors, and reducing incidents of dating violence perpetration and victimization.

Methods

A systematic search yielded 38 studies contributing 73 independent effect sizes. Studies were pooled by outcome measure and ten moderators were used to examine the impacts of program and study characteristics.

Results

Prevention programs had a significant, positive impact on measures of knowledge (ES = 0.566, z = 3.59), attitudes (ES = 0.191, z = 3.88), and violence perpetration (ES = .157, z = 3.11), but did not significantly impact experiences of victimization or bystander behaviors.

Conclusions

Results indicate that dating violence prevention programs are effective at improving knowledge, attitudes, and some behaviors, providing support for the continued implementation of these programs with adolescent populations. Future research should investigate the impact of specific program content and long-term behavioral outcomes.

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Notes

  1. It is widely debated whether effect sizes from single-group designs can be appropriately combined with those from two-group designs (Cuijpers et al. 2017; Lipsey and Wilson 2001). Some researchers have argued that effect sizes can be pooled if they provide estimates of the same treatment effect and are computed in the same metric (Morris and DeShon 2002). To determine whether there is appropriate equivalence between studies, researchers must first consider how well a single-group study controls for potential bias and other factors that could impact the reliability of the treatment estimate (Borenstein and Hedges 2019; Morris and DeShon 2002). Additionally, as effect sizes between single-group and two-group designs are inherently different (due to using different standard deviations; e.g., standard deviations of pretest scores versus post-test scores versus pooled scores), the scaling of the effect size will differ and must be transformed to correct for disparities (Morris and DeShon 2002). Following these suggestions, the single-group evaluations in the current study were assessed for comparability to the treatment effect in the two-group studies, and effect sizes were computed using an adapted Cohen’s d and transformed to a raw score metric.

  2. Due to inconsistencies in reporting and differing sample sizes between outcomes, not all moderating variables could be used for all outcomes. The specific moderating variables used in each analysis are identified in the corresponding section for each of the five outcomes (dating violence knowledge, attitudes towards dating violence, perpetration of violence, victimization of dating violence, and bystander behaviors).

  3. For example, several studies reported only the total or combined pre- or post-test sample sizes, rather than specifying the sample sizes per treatment/control group. In these cases, when other information regarding the sample size was available such as degrees of freedom or full pre- or post-test sample size, we calculated the group sample sizes using an assumption of proportional attrition. For example, we took the analytic sample size per effect size based on the degrees of freedom from the reported F tests and assumed proportionally equivalent attrition from the treatment and control groups based on pre-test sample sizes.

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    Chelsey Lee & Jennifer S. Wong

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Appendix. List of electronic databases searched

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  • Criminal Justice Abstracts with Full Text

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Lee, C., Wong, J.S. Examining the effects of teen dating violence prevention programs: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Exp Criminol 18, 1–40 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11292-020-09442-x

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