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Regularities of Formation of Diversity of Life Strategy and Genetic Variability of The Kamchatka Rainbow Trout Parasalmo mykiss in a Local Population

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Abstract

The diversity of life strategy, population structure, size, age and sex composition, growth and variability of 11 microsatellite loci in mykiss (rainbow trout) Parasalmo mykiss of the Utkholok River (Northwestern Kamchatka) were studied. The mykiss population represents a system of groupings with different types of life strategy: anadromous fish prevail in the population, while river and semi-anadromous (estuarine and riverine-estuarine) fish are less common. Each of the groupings has specific size, age and sex composition, the ratio of the first time-maturing and re-maturing fish. At that, the individuals with different types of life strategy reproduce together on the same spawning grounds and there is no isolation between them. Analysis of the variability of microsatellite loci revealed no significant differences for any locus between the observed genotypic distributions and the theoretical Hardy – Weinberg distributions. The genetic differentiation of mykiss in the Utkholok River relates to the differences between fish with a river-estuarine life strategy and the others in three loci (Ots3, One108, and One112). The results of clustering show the maximum value of the probability of belonging to the same cluster of all mykiss individuals with different life strategies. Significant differences at the some loci are not evidencing their reproductive isolation. It has been found that mykiss population of Utkholok River is an integrated dynamic system of groupings with different types of life strategies, which are formed in each generation because of the cumulative impact of environmental factors and heredity.

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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

We are sincerely grateful to the participants of the expeditions of Moscow State University WSC-TCA (Wild Salmon Center, Portland, United States, The Conservation Angler, Edmonds, United States) in 1995−2018 for sampling the field materials. We are especially grateful to P. Sowerel, J. Miller, G. Kennedy (TCA), M. Sloat (WSC), M. Zimmerman, L. Campbell (Fish and Wildlife Service, State of Washington, United States), N.P Borodina, S.E. Abramov, A.S. Kustov, P.A. Rukin, (Rosprirodnadzor Directorate in the Kamchatkii Kray, A.A. Andryukhin, D.S. Navrotsky, A.A. Turushev, D.V. Turusheva (Kamchatka Trophy Hunts, Elizovo town, Kamchatka krai) for the tremendous efforts in providing and conducting field studies.

Funding

The study was carried out within the frames of Moscow State University “Noah’s Arc” (processing of genetic materials); analysis of long-term data, preparation of summary tables and manuscript were carried out under the support of Russian Scientific Foundation, grant no. 19-14-00015.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia

    K. V. Kuzishschin, A. V. Semenova, M. A. Gruzdeva & D. S. Pavlov

  2. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution, Russian Academy of Sciences—IPEE RAS, Moscow, Russia

    K. V. Kuzishschin & D. S. Pavlov

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  1. K. V. Kuzishschin
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  2. A. V. Semenova
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  3. M. A. Gruzdeva
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  4. D. S. Pavlov
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Correspondence to K. V. Kuzishschin.

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Kuzishschin, K.V., Semenova, A.V., Gruzdeva, M.A. et al. Regularities of Formation of Diversity of Life Strategy and Genetic Variability of The Kamchatka Rainbow Trout Parasalmo mykiss in a Local Population. J. Ichthyol. 60, 839–857 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1134/S003294522006003X

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