Abstract
Optimal phosphorus (P) management is essential in order to achieve sustainable crop production under ley farming system. Manure-based fertilizer represents an alternative to mineral fertilizer to produce forage across tillage systems. Our objective was to investigate the effects of mineral fertilizer [MIN] vs. liquid dairy manure [LDM]) and chisel plough [CP] vs. moldboard plough [MP] on soil P dynamics under a long-term ley farming system. Cumulative P inputs, P offtake and P budget were determined by summing cyclic values across eight 3-yr cycles (1993–2016). Soil test P was determined across six 3-yr cycles (1999–2016) by the Mehlich3 method. Crop P offtake was similar between CP and MP or between LDM and MIN. Phosphorus inputs accumulated across cycles were higher under LDM (65–610 kg P ha−1) than under MIN (54–446 kg P ha−1). The cumulative P budget ranged from − 20 to + 150 kg P ha−1 with LDM and from − 33 to + 3 kg P ha−1 with MIN. Despite a tend of decrease of Mehlich3P in upper layers, a higher accumulation in the 0–0.15 m soil depth under MIN than LDM, and under CP than MP was observed. Discrepancies between P budget and soil test P highlighted the complex mechanisms regulating P cycling. Our findings suggest the importance of complete assessment of soil P reserves in soil profile to sustain P management. Long-term experiment is a useful tool for monitoring effects of agricultural practices on soil P dynamics.
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Acknowledgements
This study was supported by Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada (AAFC) through its Growing Forward program. The authors wish to thank Sylvie Cote and Claude Levesque from AAFC’s Quebec Research and Development Centre for their assistance with laboratory work. The authors would also like to thank Dr. Aime Messiga for his constructive comments on a first draft of the manuscript.
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Damar, H., Ziadi, N., Lafond, J. et al. Long-term impact of fertilizer sources on cyclic P budget and soil P status under ley farming system. Nutr Cycl Agroecosyst 119, 165–180 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10705-020-10112-7
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10705-020-10112-7