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Effect of Senecio scandens ethanol extract on gut microbiota composition in mice

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Abstract

The gut microbiota inhabits the animal intestinal tract, and dysbiosis of the gut microbiota may result in disease. Senecio scandens has pharmaceutical antibacterial activities and is regarded as a broad-spectrum antibiotic in traditional Chinese medicine. Extracts of S. scandens are reported to show strong antimicrobial activity, and quercetin significantly decreases some species in the caecal microflora. However, the bactericidal effects of the extracts on the gut microbiota remain obscure. Here, we supplied ethanol extract of S. scandens, which might possibly be used as an alternative for chemical antibiotics, to mice to investigate the state of the intestinal microbiota. Our studies included a control group, low-, moderate-, and high-dose ethanol extract groups, and cefixime capsule group. The ethanol extract groups did not present reduced diversity or differences in the gut microbiota balance. There were significant differences between the ethanol extract and cefixime capsule groups in terms of the gut microbiota. The control and ethanol extract groups contained similar bacteria, which suggested that the ethanol extract has no inhibitory effect on the gut microbiota in vivo. Bifidobacteriales and Lactobacillus acidophilus were significantly increased in the high-dose group. Both secretory immunoglobulin A and mucin 2 concentrations increased as the dose of ethanol extract increased. The functional prediction differences between the control and ethanol extract groups decreased with increasing extract doses, which indicated that the low-dose and high-dose extract treatments might regulate different pathways and functions of the gut microbiota. The results also highlighted the prevention of bacterial drug resistance in the ethanol extract groups.

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Acknowledgements

We thank Dr. Zhiwei Wang for the identification of Senecio scandens. We thank everyone who contributed to our studies, and we appreciate Shanghai BioTree Bio-Technology Co., Ltd. for their efforts in sequencing and data analysis. The study was funded by the Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Guizhou Province (QZYY2017-003).

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  1. Institute of Laboratory Animal Science, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Huaxi University Town, Dongqing South Road, Guiyang, 550025, China

    Gang Yao, Hui Zhang, Hai Zhao, Jian Zhang, Yuanqiu Dong & Shuguang Wu

  2. College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, 550025, China

    Guoyong Luo, Zuhua Wang & Yuan Gao

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  1. Gang Yao
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Correspondence to Gang Yao.

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Yao, G., Zhang, H., Luo, G. et al. Effect of Senecio scandens ethanol extract on gut microbiota composition in mice. Arch Microbiol 203, 1477–1488 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00203-020-02144-y

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