Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

A design for an ultrafast all-optical full subtractor based on two-dimensional photonic crystals

  • Published:
Journal of Computational Electronics Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

A novel passive all-optical full subtractor device is realized using a two-dimensional (2-D) photonic crystal. The proposed structure is realized using the concept of beam interference in a sequence of T- and Y-shaped line-defective waveguide structures made of a linear material such as silicon with air as the background medium. The major advantage of this design approach is the avoidance of nonlinear materials and semiconductor optical amplifiers. In addition to the actual input ports, some reference input ports are also utilized to achieve the desired full subtractor functionality. The different input combinations to the full subtractor are given and optimized via several simulations. The full subtractor functionality is validated using the Opti-FDTD tool. The simulation results for the full subtractor are supported by the E-field distribution and power analysis at the output ports for different input logic values at a wavelength around 1550 nm. The proposed structure shows a fast response time of 0.16 ps, a bit rate of 6.25 Tbps, and a contrast ratio of 3.97 dB, and occupies an area of 465 µm2.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10
Fig. 11
Fig. 12
Fig. 13

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Joannopoulos, J.D., Villeneuve, P.R., Fan, S.: Photonic crystals: putting a new twist on light. Nature 386(6621), 143–149 (1997)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Yablonovitch, E.: Photonic crystals: semiconductors of light. Sci. Am. 285, 46–55 (2001)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Liu, C.C., Wu, C.J.: Analysis of a defect mode in a dielectric photonic crystal containing ITO defect. Optik 125(24), 7140–7142 (2014)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Li, H., Yang, X.: Larger absolute band gaps in two-dimensional photonic crystals fabricated by a three-order-effect method. Prog. Electromagn. Res. 108, 385–400 (2010)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Pu, S., Dong, S., Huang, J.: Tunable slow light based on magnetic-fluid-infiltrated photonic crystal waveguides. J. Opt. 16(4), 045102 (2014)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Pu, S., Liu, M.: Tunable photonic crystals based on MnFe2O4 magnetic fluids by magnetic fields. J. Alloys Compd. 481(1–2), 851–854 (2009)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Pu, S., Bai, X., Wang, L.: Temperature dependence of photonic crystals based on thermoresponsive magnetic fluids. J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 323(22), 2866–2871 (2011)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Fu, Y., Hu, X., Gong, Q.: Silicon photonic crystal all-optical logic gates. Phys. Lett. A 377(3–4), 329–333 (2013)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Wu, C.J., Liu, C.P., Ouyang, Z.: Compact and low-power optical logic NOT gate based on photonic crystal waveguides without optical amplifiers and nonlinear materials. Appl. Opt. 51(5), 680–685 (2012)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Hussein, M.E., Ali, T.A., Rafat, N.H.: New designs of a complete set of photonic crystals logic gates. Opt. Commun. 411, 175–181 (2018)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Parandin, F., Malmir, M.-R., Naseri, M.: All-optical half-subtractor with low-time delay based on two-dimensional photonic crystals. Superlattices Microstruct. 109, 437–441 (2017)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Moradi, R.: All optical half subtractor using photonic crystal based nonlinear ring resonators. Opt. Quant. Electron. 51(4), 119 (2019)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Cheraghi, F., Soroosh, M., Akbarizadeh, G.: An ultra-compact all optical full adder based on nonlinear photonic crystal resonant cavities. Superlattices Microstruct. 113, 359–365 (2018)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Jalali-Azizpoor, M.R., Soroosh, M., Seifi-Kavian, Y.: Application of self-collimated beams in realizing all-optical photonic crystal-based half-adder. Photon. Netw. Commun. 36(3), 344–349 (2018)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Alipour-Banaei, H., Seif-Dargahi, H.: Photonic crystal based 1-bit full-adder optical circuit by using ring resonators in a nonlinear structure. Photon. Nanostruct. Fundam. Appl. 24, 29–34 (2017)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Seifouri, M., et al.: Ultra-fast and compact all-optical half adder using 2D photonic crystals. IET Optoelectron. 13(3), 139–143 (2019)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Swarnakar, S., Kumar, S., Sharma, S.: Design of all-optical half-subtractor circuit device using 2-D principle of photonic crystal waveguides. J. Opt. Commun. 40(3), 195–203 (2019)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Swarnakar, S., Kumar, S., Sharma, S.: Performance analysis of all-optical full-adder based on two-dimensional photonic crystals. J. Comput. Electron. 17(3), 1124–1134 (2018)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Shaik, Eh., Rangaswamy, N.: Improved design of all-optical photonic crystal logic gates using T-shaped waveguide. Opt. Quantum Electron. 48(1), 33 (2016)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. D’souza, N.M., Mathew, V.: Interference based square lattice photonic crystal logic gates working with different wavelengths. Opt. Laser Technol. 80, 214–219 (2016)

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, National Institute of Technology Karnataka, Surathkal, Mangalore, India

    J. Abhishek & Prabu Krishnan

  2. Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Mount Zion College of Engineering and Technology, Pudukkottai, Tamil Nadu, India

    S. Robinson

Authors
  1. J. Abhishek
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Prabu Krishnan
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. S. Robinson
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Prabu Krishnan.

Additional information

Publisher’s Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Abhishek, J., Krishnan, P. & Robinson, S. A design for an ultrafast all-optical full subtractor based on two-dimensional photonic crystals. J Comput Electron 20, 433–441 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10825-020-01637-9

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10825-020-01637-9

Keywords

Search

Navigation