Abstract
Objective
To evaluate the role of the biocontrol agent Bacillus subtilis CtpxS2-1 in inducing lupin systemic resistance against anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum acutatum by lipopeptide production.
Results
First, growth inhibition and thin layer chromatography-bioautography analysis confirmed that CtpxS2-1 cultures and their lipopeptide extracts, specifically fengycin, have strong antifungal activity against C. acutatum. Subsequent microscopic examination of these fungal inhibition zones showed mycelial pathogen deformations. PCR amplification of CtpxS2-1 confirmed the presence of genes encoding fengycins E and C, bacillomycin C, iturin A, and surfactins B and C. Based on this evidence, the effect of CtpxS2-1 and its lipopeptides on the induction of the lupin defence- and growth-related genes PR-1, PR-4, SOD-2, PIN-1 and PIN-3 was evaluated by RT-qPCR. In seedlings from roots treated with CtxpS2-1, a significant increase in the expression of these genes was induced. Efficacy assays showed that CtpxS2-1 treatment completely controlled anthracnose incidence (0.0%) compared with the untreated control. Furthermore, root and shoot growth in treated seedlings with CtpxS2-1 significantly increased due to disease control, as did the synthesis of the defence enzymes catalase, peroxidase and superoxide dismutase.
Conclusion
B. subtilis CtpxS2-1 is a key factor enhancing Andean lupin health by producing lipopeptides that damage C. acutatum cellular structures and inhibit their growth, as well as by inducing the expression of defence-related genes of lupin plants involved in systemic acquired resistance (SAR) against anthracnose.
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Acknowledgements
This research was supported by the Secretaria de Educación Superior, Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación (SENESCYT), Universidad de las Fuerzas Armadas - ESPE and Universidad de Las Américas - UDLA through Proyecto PIC-15-ESPE-001 “Mejora de la cadena productiva del chocho (Lupinus mutabilis) en Ecuador”. The authors thank the Ministerio del Ambiente of Ecuador for authorization to collect microorganisms. Additionally, the authors thank Eng. Byron Freire and Sebastian Cueva for their technical assistance.
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Yánez-Mendizábal, V., Falconí, C.E. Bacillus subtilis CtpxS2-1 induces systemic resistance against anthracnose in Andean lupin by lipopeptide production. Biotechnol Lett 43, 719–728 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10529-020-03066-x
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10529-020-03066-x