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Effect of enclosure on heat transfer characteristics of dual swirling flame impinging on a flat surface

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Abstract

Experimental investigations have been carried out for impingement heat transfer characteristics of an enclosed dual swirling flame for various enclosure configurations. Effects of the size of the enclosure (DE = 70 mm, 90 mm, 90 mm, 110 mm and 150 mm) and the level of gap between the top of the enclosure and the target surface (G = 12, 16, 20, 24 and 28 mm) have been examined at fixed other operating conditions (Re(o), H/Dh and S). In addition to this, the effects of variation in outer swirling flame Reynolds numbers (Re(o) = 7000–13,000), dimensionless separation distances (H/Dh = 2–5) and the swirl number (S = 0.86, 1.54 and 2.4) have also been examined. Impingement heat transfer characteristics strongly depend on the size of the enclosure (DE) and the level of gap (G). Larger sized enclosures (DE of 110 and 150 mm) with smaller gap levels (G of 12 and 16 mm) perform much better than small sized enclosures (DE of 70 and 80 mm) with larger gap levels (G of 24 and 28 mm). Heat transfer performance continuously increases with an increase in Re(o) in presence of an enclosure in contrast to unenclosed flames where performance deteriorates at high Re(o). The heat transfer enhancement effect in presence of enclosure is more pronounced at larger separation distances (H/Dh of 4 and 5) because of the formation of the outer recirculation zone (ORZ). The effect of the presence of enclosure on impingement heat transfer enhancement becomes more significant at higher levels of swirl.

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Abbreviations

A/F:

air to fuel ratio

Re:

Reynolds number

Re(i):

Reynolds number of inner premixed flame

Re(o):

Reynolds number of outer swirling flame

Dh :

hydraulic diameter at burner exit (m)

d:

inner premixed pipe diameter (m)

H/Dh :

dimensionless separation distance

T:

percentage proportion of tangential flow rate

A:

percentage proportion of axial flow rate

S:

Swirl number

r/Dh :

dimensionless radial distance

CRZ:

Central Recirculation Zone

ORZ:

Outer Recirculation Zone

\( \overset{.}{q^{{\prime\prime} }} \) :

heat flux (in kW/m2)

DB :

diameter at the burner exit (mm)

DE :

diameter of the enclosure (mm)

\( \overset{.}{q_f} \) :

total firing rate (kW)

ρ:

density (kg/m3)

ϕ(i):

the inner conical flame equivalence ratio

ϕ(o):

the outer swirling flame equivalence ratio

μ:

dynamic viscosity (kg/m-s)

i:

inner

o:

outer

stoic-:

stoichiometric

mix:

mixture

p:

tangential port

r:

radial distance (in m)

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Acknowledgements

The authors convey their sincere gratitude to Dr. BR Ambedkar National Institute of Technology for their financial support in executing the experimental study.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Dr. BR Ambedkar National Institute of Technology, Jalandhar, Punjab, 144011, India

    Girish Sapra & Subhash Chander

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  1. Girish Sapra
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  2. Subhash Chander
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Correspondence to Subhash Chander.

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Sapra, G., Chander, S. Effect of enclosure on heat transfer characteristics of dual swirling flame impinging on a flat surface. Heat Mass Transfer 57, 1011–1023 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00231-020-03006-5

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