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Stem cell-based models and therapies: a key approach into schizophrenia treatment

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Abstract

Psychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia can generate distress and disability along with heavy costs on individuals and health care systems. Different genetic and environmental factors play a pivotal role in the appearance of the mentioned disorders. Since the conventional treatment options for psychiatric disorders are suboptimal, investigators are trying to find novel strategies. Herein, stem cell therapies have been recommended as novel choices. In this context, the preclinical examination of stem cell-based therapies specifically using appropriate models can facilitate passing strong filters and serious examination to ensure proper quality and safety of them as a novel treatment approach. Animal models cannot be adequately helpful to follow pathophysiological features. Nowadays, stem cell-based models, particularly induced pluripotent stem cells reflected as suitable alternative models in this field. Accordingly, the importance of stem cell-based models, especially to experiment with the regenerative medicine outcomes for schizophrenia as one of the severe typing of psychiatric disorders, is addressed here.

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Abbreviations

ADHD:

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder

ASD:

Autism spectrum disorder

AMSCs:

Adipose- derived mesenchymal stem cells

CBT:

Cognitive behavior therapy

M-5:

Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders, 5th edition

DA:

Dopamine

GABA:

Gamma-aminobutyric acid

COMT:

Catechol-O-methyltransferase

NMDA:

N-methyl-D-aspartate

PV:

Parvalbumin

DISC1:

Disrupted-in-schizophrenia 1

NRG1:

Neuregulin 1

MAM:

Methylazoxymethanol

iPSCs:

Induced pluripotent stem cells

ZFNs:

Zinc-finger nucleases

TALENs:

Transcription activator-like effector nucleases

CRISPR:

Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats

RNA-Seq:

RNA-sequencing

lncRNAs:

Long non-coding RNAs

del:

Deletions

CYFIP1:

Cytoplasmic FMR1 Interacting protein 1

SST:

Somatostatin

Ccnd2:

Cyclin D2

hUC-MSCs:

Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

    Bagher Larijani

  2. Metabolomics and Genomics Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular-Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

    Peyvand Parhizkar Roudsari & Babak Arjmand

  3. Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular-Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

    Mahdieh Hadavandkhani, Sepideh Alavi-Moghadam & Babak Arjmand

  4. Proteomics Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

    Mostafa Rezaei-Tavirani

  5. Brain and Spinal Cord Injury Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

    Parisa Goodarzi & Fereshteh Mohamadi-Jahani

  6. Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran

    Forough Azam Sayahpour

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  1. Bagher Larijani
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Larijani, B., Parhizkar Roudsari, P., Hadavandkhani, M. et al. Stem cell-based models and therapies: a key approach into schizophrenia treatment. Cell Tissue Bank 22, 207–223 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10561-020-09888-3

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