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Direct, water-chemistry mediated, and cascading effects of human-impact intensification on multitrophic biodiversity in ponds

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Abstract

There is a consensus that human activities affect biodiversity in pond ecosystems. However, the majority of studies have mainly focused on the direct effect of human activities on a single group, despite the fact that anthropogenically induced biodiversity loss in ecosystems occurs across multiple trophic levels and may depend on both altered habitat (e.g., water chemistry) and on trophic interactions cascading up the trophic network. In this study, we analyzed the simultaneous direct, water-chemistry mediated and trophic network cascading effects of the overall human-impact intensification on density (biomass/abundance) and richness (number of taxa) across all trophic levels in pond ecosystems. For this, we collected and combined multi-taxon data (341 taxa) for macrophytes, phytoplankton, zooplankton, benthic and epiphytic macroinvertebrates, and fishes. We showed that human-impact intensification affected the densities and richness of almost all trophic levels across the study ecosystems, and resulted in an overall negative effect on the multitrophic diversity of the entire community. We detected direct effect of human-impact intensification, but no indirect effects, on the richness of primary producers. In contrast, the indirect effects mediated through the nutrient content in the water were the most influential drivers of multitrophic diversity in the invertebrate communities. At the same time, the indirect effects through the trophic network cascades were detected mainly within the fish community. Our findings improve the mechanistic understanding of multitrophic diversity responses in ponds under the ongoing intensification of anthropogenic pressure.

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Acknowledgements

This study was supported by the Serbian Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development (contract number 451-03-68/2020-14) and a bilateral cooperation scientific project between Serbia and Croatia funded by the Serbian Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development and Croatian Ministry of Science and Education. We thank Sonja Dix (UK) for the final English corrections.

Funding

The funding was provided by the Serbian Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development and Croatian Ministry of Science and Education.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science and Mathematics, University of Niš, Višegradska 33, 18000, Niš, Serbia

    Olivera Stamenković, Milica Stojković Piperac, Djuradj Milošević, Dragana Jenačković Gocić & Aca Đurđević

  2. Faculty of Science, Institute of Biology and Ecology, University of Kragujevac, Radoja Domanovića 12, 34000, Kragujevac, Serbia

    Vladica Simić, Snežana Simić, Aleksandar Ostojić, Nevena Đorđević & Ana Petrović

  3. Department of Biology, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Cara Hadrijana 8/A, 31000, Osijek, Croatia

    Dubravka Čerba & Miran Koh

  4. Theoretical Ecology Group, Institute of Biology, Freie Universität Berlin, Königin-Luise-Straße 2-4,Gartenhaus, 14195, Berlin, Germany

    Oksana Y. Buzhdygan

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  1. Olivera Stamenković
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Contributions

OYB, OS, VS, MSP, and DM designed the study and developed the analytical procedure. All authors except OYB contributed data. OYB performed statistical analysis and data visualization. OS wrote the original draft, and all authors substantially reviewed and edited the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Olivera Stamenković.

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Stamenković, O., Simić, V., Stojković Piperac, M. et al. Direct, water-chemistry mediated, and cascading effects of human-impact intensification on multitrophic biodiversity in ponds. Aquat Ecol 55, 187–214 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10452-020-09822-5

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