Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Harvest Time Effects on Yield, Quality and Aroma of Fragrant Rice

  • Published:
Journal of Plant Growth Regulation Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Fragrant rice is popular among the public because of its distinctive fragrant smell. To explore the effects of different harvest time on yield, quality, and aroma-related substances of fragrant rice in the after full heading stage. Under field conditions, we used a completely randomized block design. Using fragrant rice: Xiangyaxiangzhan (XY), Meixiangzhan-2 (MXZ), 19Xiang (19X) as materials, sampling was conducted within one week before maturity and the determination of fragrant rice yield and grain quality at different harvest times. 2-Acetyl-1-Pyrroline (2-AP), Pyrroline-5-carboxylic acid synthetase (P5CS), Pyrroline-5-carboxylic acid (P5C), Proline, Proline dehydrogenase (PDH), Ornithine aminotransferase (OTC) are the related aspects on which we worked on. The results showed that the head rice rate increased significantly with harvest time extension. However, the protein and amylose content in fragrant rice was significantly reduced. In addition, the activity of P5CS showed a decreasing trend, and the content of P5C in the grains showed an increasing trend, the activity of OTC, 2-AP and proline in the grains showed a parabolic trend. Overall, the harvest time within a week had no significant effect on the yield of fragrant rice, but it did affect the aroma accumulation and quality of fragrant rice. The aroma accumulation of different varieties is different, the timely harvest of rice should be considered a variety.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Bian WF, Tian SZ, Zheng DF, Zhang CA, Zhao QL, Zhang YF (2018) Summary of paddy rice cultivation history and new development of pot seedling mechanized transplanting in dry field. South Agric 14(26):11–12 (in Chinese)

    Google Scholar 

  • Bao LF, Lin G, Zhao DM, Wang L, He B, Jiang QS, Zhang J (2017) Influence of different sowing date and harvest time on rice filling stage, yield and grain quality. J South China Agric Univ 38(2):32–37

    Google Scholar 

  • Bao G, Ashraf U, Wang C, He L, Wei X, Zheng A, Mo Z, Tang X (2018) Molecular basis for increased 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline contents under alternate wetting and drying (AWD) conditions in fragrant rice. Plant Physiol Biochem 133:149–157

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Dong CF, Ding CL, Xu NX, Cheng YH, Shen YX, Gu HR (2014) A study on the harvest time of different rice (Oryza sativa) varieties for grain-straw dual use. Acta Prataculturae Sinica 1:65–72

    Google Scholar 

  • GB/T 17891-2017 (2017) High quality rice. General administration of quality supervision, inspection and quarantine of the People’s Republic of China; Standardization Administration of China, Beijing, China. http://www.chinagrain.cn/axfwnh/2018/07/09/1814302621.shtml

  • Giberti S, Bertazzini M, Liboni M, Berlicki L, Kafarski P, Forlani G (2017) Phytotoxicity of aminobisphosphonates targeting both δ1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate reductase and glutamine synthetase. Pest Manag Sci 2(73):435–443

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hu YH, Lu JW, Cheng LQ, Rao QL, Li ZQ, Wang J (2018) Effect of different harvest time on the yield and quality of peanut seed. Seeds 37(7):120–123

    Google Scholar 

  • Huang ZL, Tang XR, Wang YL, Chen MJ, Zhao ZK, Duan MY, Pan SG (2012) Effects of increasing aroma cultivation on aroma and grain yield of aromatic rice and their mechanism. Chin Agric Sin 45(6):1054–1065

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kunyanee K, Naphatrapi L (2020) The effects of ultrasound-assisted recrystallization followed by chilling to produce the lower glycemic index of rice with different amylose content. Food Chem 323(323):126843

  • Lin W, Chai N, Zheng T, Zhang C (2017) Effects of different harvesting periods on rice yield in cold regions. Mod Agric 2(2):30–31 (in Chinese)

  • Lin XX, Zhang ZL, Zhai JQ, Ye SC, Huang JL (2019) A review for impacts of climate change on rice production in China. Acta Agron Sin 45(3):333–334

    Google Scholar 

  • Liu XP, Lai T, Huang SP, Tang J, Zhang JH, Wang KK, Yao EP (2018) Effects of different harvesting periods on japonica rice yield. Bull Agric Sci Technol 7(7):105–107 (in Chinese)

  • Liu XW, Huang ZL, Li YZ, Xie WJ, Li W, Tang XR, Ashraf U, Kong LL, Wu LM, Wang SL, Mo ZW (2020) Selenium-silicon (Se-Si) induced modulations in physio-biochemical responses, grain yield, quality, aroma formation and lodging in fragrant rice. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 196(196):110525

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mohammed HK, Qing L, Yi S, Zhigang H, Langtao X (2017) Dynamics of phytohormones and their relationship with chalkiness of early indica rice under different post-anthesis temperature regimes. Bangladesh J Agric Res 42(1):53–65

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mo ZW, Umair A, Tang YJ, Li W, Pan SG, Duan MY, Tian H, Tang XR (2018) Nitrogen application at the booting stage affects 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline, proline, and total nitrogen contents in aromatic rice. Chil J Agric Res 78(2):165–172

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ncube B, Finnie JF, Van Staden J (2013) Dissecting the stress metabolic alterations in in vitro Cyrtanthus regenerants. Plant Physiol Biochem 65(65):102–110

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Peddamma SK, Ragichedu PK, Maddala S, Sanjeeva Rao D, Lella VSR, Konne K, Sripada P, Gopala Krishnan S, Singh AK, Maganti SM (2018) Insight of aroma in brown rice through chemical assessment of 2-Acetyl-1-pyrroline (2AP) in aromatic germplasm of India. Cereal Chem 95(5):679–688

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Park JY, Oh SK, Chung HJ, Park HJ (2020) Structural and physicochemical properties of native starches and non-digestible starch residues from Korean rice cultivars with different amylose contents. Food Hydrocoll. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodhyd.2019.105544

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Poonlaphdecha J, Maraval I, Roques S, Audebert A, Boulanger R, Bry X, Gunata Z (2012) Effect of timing and duration of salt treatment during growth of a fragrant rice variety on yield and 2-A-cetyl-1-pyrroline, proline, and GABA levels. J Agric Food Chem 60(15):3824–3830

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Su Y (2017) Effects of different harvesting periods and methods on rice yield. Nongmin Zhifuzhiyou Yuekan 9(9):119 (in Chinese)

  • Shi L (2017) Relationship between protein content and rice quality in rice milled rice. Yangzhou University

  • Tang XR, Pan SG, Duan MY, Tian H, Zhong KY, Xiao LZ (2014) Technique rule of aromatic rice cultivation. Guangdong Agric Sci 41(1):5–7

  • Wang LY, Yang CL (2018) Effects of different harvest date on yield and quality of rice in cold region. North Rice 48(2):4–6

    Google Scholar 

  • Wang H, Guan H, Chen M, Peng AQ, Li XM, Li CH, Li XL, Liu WG, Fang P, Yan YH (2018a) Effect of different harvesting periods on grain yield and stalk silage quality of maize. Pratacult Sci 35(6):1574–1581

    Google Scholar 

  • Wang N, Chen CX, Xie P, Li C, Tang SY, Xie Q (2018b) The best harvest time of sweet sorghum for forge based on biomass and nutritional quality. Biotechnol Bull 34(10):100–107

  • Zhang QL (2012) Rice proteins affect cooking and eating quality of cooked indica rice. Sichuan Agricultural University

  • Zhang M, Xie JQ, Huang GH (2019) Impact of meteorological disasters on agricultural production and meteorological service measures in Guangdong province. J Agric Catastrophol 9(6):115–116

    Google Scholar 

  • Zhu JY, Chen L, Yin YA, Li L, Zhao SL, Liu XW (2014) Effect of the different harvest time and method on processing quality and appearance quality of agronomic traits of rice. North Rice 44(4):35–38

    CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31971843), The World Bank Loan Agricultural Pollution Control Project in Guangdong (0724-1510A08N3684), and The Technology System of Modern Agricultural Industry in Guangdong (2018LM1098).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China

    Jisheng Zhang, Tianyi Tong, Pouwedeou Mouloumdema Potcho, Lin Li, Suihua Huang, Qinwen Yan & Xiangru Tang

  2. Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Crop Cultivation in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou, 510642, China

    Jisheng Zhang, Tianyi Tong, Pouwedeou Mouloumdema Potcho, Lin Li, Suihua Huang, Qinwen Yan & Xiangru Tang

Authors
  1. Jisheng Zhang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Tianyi Tong
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Pouwedeou Mouloumdema Potcho
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Lin Li
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Suihua Huang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Qinwen Yan
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  7. Xiangru Tang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Contributions

XR initiated and designed the research, JS, TY, LL, SH and QW performed the experiments, JS analyzed the data and wrote the manuscript, PM revised and edited the manuscript and also provided advice on the experiments.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Xiangru Tang.

Ethics declarations

Conflict of interest

The authors declare no competing interests.

Additional information

Publisher's Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Zhang, J., Tong, T., Potcho, P.M. et al. Harvest Time Effects on Yield, Quality and Aroma of Fragrant Rice. J Plant Growth Regul 40, 2249–2257 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00344-020-10288-w

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00344-020-10288-w

Keywords

Search

Navigation