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Bypass transition in flow over a vibrating flat plate

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  29 December 2020

Wenlin Huang Open the ORCID record for Wenlin Huang [Opens in a new window] ,
Dandan Xiao ,
Jie Ren Open the ORCID record for Jie Ren [Opens in a new window] ,
Zhiheng Wang ,
Guang Xi  and
Xuerui Mao Open the ORCID record for Xuerui Mao [Opens in a new window]
Wenlin Huang
Affiliation:
School of Energy and Power Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710049, PR China
Dandan Xiao
Affiliation:
Faculty of Engineering, University of Nottingham, NottinghamNG7 2RD, UK
Jie Ren
Affiliation:
Faculty of Engineering, University of Nottingham, NottinghamNG7 2RD, UK
Zhiheng Wang*
Affiliation:
School of Energy and Power Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710049, PR China
Guang Xi
Affiliation:
School of Energy and Power Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710049, PR China
Xuerui Mao
Affiliation:
Faculty of Engineering, University of Nottingham, NottinghamNG7 2RD, UK
*
†Email address for correspondence: wangzhiheng@mail.xjtu.edu.cn
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Abstract

The development of free-stream disturbances in flow over a vertically vibrating flat plate with a slender leading edge is investigated. The evolution of the optimal inflow perturbation that results in the maximum amplification is computed to investigate the effect of the plate vibration on the development of free-stream disturbance, secondary instability of streaks and subsequently the bypass transition to turbulence. It is observed that the plate vibration leads to periodic change of the angle of attack, shifting the free-stream disturbance to the upper or lower side of the plate. Therefore, the development of steady inflow perturbations, which receive the largest amplification, is interrupted by the vibration, and the perturbation amplification via the lift-up mechanism is weakened. The vibration brings a second peak of perturbation growth at the vibration frequency, leading to high-frequency free-stream perturbations penetrating into the base boundary layer, which is not observed in flow over a stationary plate owing to the sheltering mechanism. This resonance of the flow perturbation and the vibrating plate is explained by the staggering effect of the leading edge. Further, the direct numerical simulations with the optimal inflow perturbation imposed on the inflow boundary show that the vertical vibration of the plate leads to streamwise periodic vorticity near the edge of the boundary layer. This inhomogeneity of the streamwise vorticity brings about streamwisely localized distortion of the low-speed streaks and, thus, an intermittent secondary instability. Therefore, before the streaks break down to turbulence, they undergo several rounds of secondary instabilities, resulting in an elongated bypass transition process.

JFM classification

Instability: Transition to turbulence
Type
JFM Papers
Information
Journal of Fluid Mechanics , Volume 909 , 25 February 2021 , A15
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Copyright
© The Author(s), 2020. Published by Cambridge University Press

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