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Antifouling properties of poly(vinylidene fluoride)-incorporated cellulose acetate composite ultrafiltration membranes

  • Separation Technology, Thermodynamics
  • Published:
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Abstract

Poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) was incorporated in Cellulose acetate (CA) to prepare polymeric blend membrane to enhance the antifouling properties and rejection. Blend membranes consist of different concentrations (0, 2.5 and 5.0 wt%) of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), which was the hydrophilic polymer additive and pore forming agent. The existence of membrane functional groups was analyzed by ATR-FTIR spectroscopy. AFM and SEM were conducted to explain the surface morphology of the synthesized blend membranes. Membrane properties were examined by contact angle, porosity and equilibrium water content (EWC). The membranes thermal and mechanical properties were determined by performing TGA and tensile test. Membrane performance was assessed by pure water flux (PWF), rejection, antifouling properties using bovine serum albumin (BSA) and Sodium alginate (SA) solution. In this study, CPA-2 membrane showed high PWF of 269.82 L m−2 h−1, flux recovery ratio (FRR) against BSA and SA was 94% and 92%, respectively. Rejection of BSA and SA was found to be 83% and 86%, respectively. From the results, it was significant that the hydrophilic additive PVP blended membrane ameliorated and showed better results in surface roughness, hydrophilicity, thermal and mechanical stability. Hence, CPA-2 membrane would exhibit less susceptibility to fouling with enhanced PWF, permeability and selectivity.

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Abbreviations

A:

area of the membrane [cm2]

BSA:

bovine serum albumin

CA:

cellulose acetate

Cf :

concentration of the feed [gL−1]

C p :

concentration of the permeate [gL−1]

CPA-0:

CA/PVDF without PVP (0 wt%)

CPA-1:

CA/PVDF with PVP (2.5 wt%)

CPA-2:

CA/PVDF with PVP (5 wt%)

DMF:

dimethyl formamide

EWC:

equilibrium water content

FRR:

flux recovery ratio

IDT:

intial decomposition temperature [oC]

Jp :

protein permeate flux [L m−2 h−1]

Js :

sodium alginate permeate flux [L m−2 h−1]

Jv1 :

initial pure water flux [L m−2 h−1]

Jv2 :

final pure water flux [L m−2 h−1]

L:

thickness of the membrane [cm]

PB:

phosphate buffer

PVDF:

poly(vinylidene fluoride)

PVP:

polyvinylpyrrolidone

PWF:

pure water flux

Q:

volume of the permeate per unit time [m−3s−1]

Ra :

mean roughness profile [nm]

Rir :

irreversible protein fouling

rm :

average pore size [nm]

Rmax :

maximum height of the roughness profile [nm]

Rq :

root mean square deviation roughness [nm]

Rr :

reversible protein fouling

Rt :

total protein fouling

RT :

total height of the roughness profile [nm]

SA:

sodium alginate

Sc :

spreading coefficient [mNm−1]

Td :

thermal degradation at 5% wt loss [oC]

TMP:

trans membrane pressure [MPa]

Wa :

work of adhesion [mNm−1]

WCA:

water contact angle

Wd :

weight of the dry sample [g]

Ww :

weight of the wet sample [g]

β :

constant value of 0.0001024 mJm−2

ε :

porosity of the membrane

η :

waterviscosity[Pa s]

θ :

solid-liquid contact angle

ρ :

density of pure water [g cm−3]

ϒtv :

interfacial free energies of liquid-vapor [mNm−1]

ϒst :

interfacial free energies of solid-liquid [mNm−1]

ϒsv :

interfacial free energies of solid-vapor [mNm−1]

ΔP:

trans-membrane pressure [Pa]

Δt:

time duration of permeate [h]

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemical Engineering, A C Tech, Anna University, Chennai, 600 025, India

    Manikandan Gomathy Nainar, Kalidass Jayaraman, Helen Kalavathy Meyyappan & Lima Rose Miranda

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  1. Manikandan Gomathy Nainar
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  2. Kalidass Jayaraman
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  3. Helen Kalavathy Meyyappan
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  4. Lima Rose Miranda
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Correspondence to Helen Kalavathy Meyyappan.

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Nainar, M.G., Jayaraman, K., Meyyappan, H.K. et al. Antifouling properties of poly(vinylidene fluoride)-incorporated cellulose acetate composite ultrafiltration membranes. Korean J. Chem. Eng. 37, 2248–2261 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11814-020-0653-8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11814-020-0653-8

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