Abstract
The question of how social enterprises (SEs)—organizations that work to solve social issues through innovative ideas and strategies—utilize the web to internationalize has received little attention in electronic business literature. We address this issue by examining whether SEs pursue a web globalization strategy that is standardized across national markets or localized and culturally customized to individual locales. Accepted knowledge about e-commerce corporations predicts that these firms would be better off with web localization. However, an investigation using content analysis and two case studies complemented with face-to-face and digital interviews reveals that SEs differ inherently from for-profit businesses in web globalization. Specifically, this paper shows that SEs adopt a web strategy high on standardization to mobilize, educate, advocate, and recruit would-be donors, influencers, and volunteers. Such a strategy allows SEs to build legitimacy and reinforce their global brand. Our empirical findings show the uniqueness of SEs’ digital context from profit-oriented e-commerce corporations and the need for a suitable theoretical framework.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Agarwal, J., & Wu, T. (2015). Factors influencing growth potential of e-commerce in emerging economies: An institution-based N-OLI framework and research propositions. Thunderbird International Business Review, 57(3), 197–215. https://doi.org/10.1002/tie.21694.
Alur, S., & Schoormans, J. P. (2011). Sustainable rural healthcare and social franchisee selection–an India study. Journal of Medical Marketing, 11(3), 230–236. https://doi.org/10.1177/1745790411411264.
Anderson, S., Rayburn, S. W., & Sierra, J. J. (2019). Future thinking: The role of marketing in healthcare. European Journal of Marketing, 53(8), 1521–1545. https://doi.org/10.1108/EJM-10-2017-0779.
Arnould, E. J., & Wallendorf, M. (1994). Market-oriented ethnography: Interpretation building and marketing strategy formulation. Journal of Marketing Research, 31(4), 484–504. https://doi.org/10.1177/002224379403100404.
Austin, J., Stevenson, H., & Wei-Skillern, J. (2006). Social and commercial entrepreneurship: Same, different, or both? Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 30(1), 1–22. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-6520.2006.00107.x.
Baack, D. W., & Singh, N. (2007). Culture and web communications. Journal of Business Research, 60(3), 181–188. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2006.11.002.
Babbie, E. (2008). The basics of social research. Boston: Cengage Learning.
Barnard, H. (2019). From the editor: The social side of international business policy – Mapping social entrepreneurship in South Africa. Journal of International Business Policy, 2, 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1057/s42214-018-00018-1.
Bartikowski, B., & Singh, N. (2014). Doing e-business in France: Drivers of online trust in business-to-consumer websites. Global Business and Organizational Excellence, 33(4), 28–36. https://doi.org/10.1002/joe.21551.
Bartikowski, B., Gierl, H., & Richard, M. O. (2018). Effects of ‘feeling right’ about website cultural congruency on regular and mobile websites. Journal of Business Research. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2018.11.036.
Baur, D., & Palazzo, G. (2011). The moral legitimacy of NGOs as partners of corporations. Business Ethics Quarterly, 21(4), 579–604. https://doi.org/10.5840/beq201121437.
Beninatto, R. & Stevens, M. (Producer). (2018, October 3). Proving the ROI of Localization [Audio podcast]. Retrieved from https://www.globallyspeakingradio.com/episodes/proving-the-roi-of-localization/
Berelson, B. (1952). Content analysis in communication research. Glencoe, III, Scotland: Free Press. https://doi.org/10.1177/000271625228300135.
Bitektine, A. (2011). Toward a theory of social judgments of organizations: The case of legitimacy, reputation, and status. The Academy of Management Review, 36(1), 151–179. https://doi.org/10.5465/amr.2009.0382.
Briguglio, C. (2005). Developing an understanding of English as a global language for a business setting. In F. Bargiela-Chiappini & M. Gotti (Eds.), Asian business discourse(s) (pp. 313–344). Bern: Peter Lang.
Brooks, A. C. (2009). Social entrepreneurship: A modern approach to social value creation. Upper Saddle River: Pearson Prentice Hall.
Bugg-Levine, A., Kogut, B., & Kulatilaka, N. (2012). A new approach to funding social enterprises. Harvard Business Review, 90(1/2), 118–123.
Chen, J., Saarenketo, S., & Puumalainen, K. (2017). The internationalization of socially oriented organizations. In K. Ibeh, P. Tolentino, O. Janne, & X. Liu (Eds.), Growth frontiers in international business (pp. 167–193). Cham: Springer.
Cheng, H., & Schweitzer, J. C. (1996). Cultural values reflected in Chinese and US television commercials. Journal of Advertising Research, 36(3), 27–45.
Creswell, J. W., & Poth, C. N. (2018). Qualitative inquiry and research design: Choosing among five approaches. Los Angeles: Sage Publications.
Crosby, B. C., & Bryson, J. M. (2005). A leadership framework for cross-sector collaboration. Public Management Review, 7(2), 177–201. https://doi.org/10.1080/14719030500090519.
Davies, I. A., Haugh, H., & Chambers, L. (2019). Barriers to social enterprise growth. Journal of Small Business Management, 57(4), 1616–1636. https://doi.org/10.1111/jsbm.12429.
de Arruda, M. C. C., & Levrini, G. (2015). Successful business leaders’ focus on gender and poverty alleviation: The Lojas Renner case of job and income generation for Brazilian women. Journal of Business Ethics, 132(3), 627–638. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-014-2356-8.
De Massis, A., & Kotlar, J. (2014). The case study method in family business research: Guidelines for qualitative scholarship. Journal of Family Business Strategy, 5(1), 15–29. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfbs.2014.01.007.
Dees, J. G. (1998). The meaning of social entrepreneurship. Kansas City: Kauffman Foundation and Stanford University. http://www.redalmarza.cl/ing/pdf/TheMeaningofsocialEntrepreneurship.pdf.
Delgado-Ballester, E., & Munuera-Alemán, J. L. (2001). Brand trust in the context of consumer loyalty. European Journal of Marketing, 35(11/12), 1238–1258. https://doi.org/10.1108/EUM0000000006475.
Di Gregorio, D. (2017). Place-based business models for resilient local economies: Cases from Italian slow food, agritourism and the albergo diffuso. Journal of Enterprising Communities: People and Places in the Global Economy, 11(1), 113–128. https://doi.org/10.1108/JEC-02-2015-0016.
Edmondson, A. C., & Mcmanus, S. E. (2007). Methodological fit in management field research. The Academy of Management Review, 32(4), 1155–1179. https://doi.org/10.5465/amr.2007.26586086.
Ehrenreich, S. (2010). English as a business lingua Franca in a German multinational corporation: Meeting the challenge. The Journal of Business Communication (1973), 47(4), 408–431. https://doi.org/10.1177/0021943610377303.
Eisenhardt, K. M. (1989). Building theories from case study research. Academy of Management Review, 14(4), 532–550. https://doi.org/10.5465/amr.1989.4308385.
Eisenhardt, K. M., & Graebner, M. E. (2007). Theory building from cases: Opportunities and challenges. Academy of Management Journal, 50(1), 25–32. https://doi.org/10.5465/amj.2007.24160888.
Elkington, J., & Hartigan, P. (2008). The power of unreasonable people: How social entrepreneurs create markets that change the world. Boston: Harvard Business Press.
Eren-Erdogmus, I., Cobanoglu, E., Yalcın, M., & Ghauri, P. N. (2010). Internationalization of emerging market firms: The case of Turkish retailers. International Marketing Review, 27(3), 316–337. https://doi.org/10.1108/02651331011048014.
Estrin, S., Mickiewicz, T., & Stephan, U. (2016). Human capital in social and commercial entrepreneurship. Journal of Business Venturing, 31(4), 449–467. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusvent.2016.05.003.
Fisher, G., & Aguinis, H. (2017) Using theory elaboration to make theoretical advancements. Organizational Research Methods, 20(3), 438–464. https://doi.org/10.1177/1094428116689707
Fusch, P. I., & Ness, L. R. (2015). Are we there yet? Data saturation in qualitative research. The Qualitative Report, 20(9), 1408.
Ganguly, B., Dash, S., Cyr, D., & Head, M. (2010). The effects of website design on purchase intention in online shopping: The mediating role of trust and the moderating role of culture. International Journal of Electronic Business, 8(4), 302–330. https://doi.org/10.1504/IJEB.2010.035289.
Garicano, L., & Kaplan, S. N. (2001). The effects of business-to-business e-commerce on transaction costs. Journal of Industrial Economics, 49(4), 463–485. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-6451.00158.
GEM. (2015). Special topic report: Social entrepreneurship. Prepared by Niels Bosma, Thomas Schøtt, Siri Terjesen, and penny Kew. London: Global Entrepreneurship Monitor https://www.gemconsortium.org/report/gem-2015-report-on-social-entrepreneurship.
Gevorgyan, G., & Manucharova, N. (2009). Does culturally adapted online communication work? A study of American and Chinese internet users’ attitudes and preferences toward culturally customized web design elements. Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, 14(2), 393–413. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1083-6101.2009.01446.x.
Ghauri, P., & Gronhaug, K. (2005). Research methods in business studies-a practical guide. Harlow: Financial Times Prentice Hall.
Gibbs, J., & Kraemer, K. (2004). A cross-country investigation of the determinants of scope of E-commerce use: An institutional approach. Electronic Markets, 14(2), 124–137. https://doi.org/10.1080/10196780410001675077.
Gioia, D. A., Price, K. N., Hamilton, A. L., & Thomas, J. B. (2010). Forging an identity: An insider-outsider study of processes involved in the formation of organizational identity. Administrative Science Quarterly, 55(1), 1–46. https://doi.org/10.2189/asqu.2010.55.1.1.
Halliburton, C., & Ziegfeld, A. (2009). How do major European companies communicate their corporate identity across countries? An empirical investigation of corporate internet communications. Journal of Marketing Management, 25(9–10), 909–925. https://doi.org/10.1362/026725709X479291.
Hayes, A. F., & Krippendorff, K. (2007). Answering the call for a standard reliability measure for coding data. Communication Methods and Measures, 1(1), 77–89. https://doi.org/10.1080/19312450709336664.
Henderson, J. k. (2005). Language diversity in international management teams. International Studies of Organization & Management, 35(2), 66–82. https://doi.org/10.1080/00208825.2005.11043722.
Ishida, R., & Miller, S. (2005). Localization vs. internationalization,W3C Archive (2005). http://www.w3.org/International/questions/qa-i18n. Accessed 4 May 2019.
Janssens, M., & Steyaert, C. (2014). Re-considering language within a cosmopolitan understanding: Toward a multilingual franca approach in international business studies. Journal of International Business Studies, 45(5), 623–639. https://doi.org/10.1057/jibs.2014.9.
Jarvenpaa, S. L., Tractinsky, N., & Saarinen, L. (1999). Consumer trust in an internet store: A cross-cultural validation. Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, 5(2), JCMC526. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1083-6101.1999.tb00337.x.
Kassarjian, H. H. (1977). Content analysis in consumer research. Journal of Consumer Research, 4(1), 8–18. https://doi.org/10.1086/208674.
Kaul, V. (2019). Branding communication in digital era. Global Journal of Product and Brand Management, 1(1), 6–23 Retrieved from http://www.management.eurekajournals.com/index.php/GJPBM/article/view/379.
Ko, D., Seo, Y., & Jung, S. U. (2015). Examining the effect of cultural congruence, processing fluency, and uncertainty avoidance in online purchase decisions in the U.S. and Korea. Marketing Letters, 26(3), 377–390. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11002-015-9351-4.
Kroeger, A., & Weber, C. (2014). Developing a conceptual framework for comparing social value creation. The Academy of Management Review, 39(4), 513–540. https://doi.org/10.5465/amr.2012.0344.
Kshetri, N. B. (2001). Determinants of the locus of global e-commerce. Electronic Markets, 11(4), 250–257. https://doi.org/10.1080/101967801753405535.
Li, J., Chen, L., Yi, J., Mao, J., & Liao, J. (2019). Ecosystem-specific advantages in international digital commerce. Journal of International Business Studies, 50(9), 1448–1463. https://doi.org/10.1057/s41267-019-00263-3.
Lincoln, Y. S., & Guba, E. (1985). Naturalistic inquiry. Beverly Hills: Sage.
Luna, D., Peracchio, L. A., & de Juan, M. D. (2002). Cross-cultural and cognitive aspects of web site navigation. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 30(4), 397–410. https://doi.org/10.1177/009207002236913.
Luo, Y., & Shenkar, O. (2006). The multinational corporation as a multilingual community: Language and organization in a global context. Journal of International Business Studies, 37(3), 321–339. https://doi.org/10.1057/palgrave.jibs.8400197.
Maak, T., & Pless, N. M. (2009). Business leaders as citizens of the world. Advancing humanism on a global scale. Journal of Business Ethics, 88(3), 537–550. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-009-0122-0.
Mair, J., & Martí, I. (2006). Social entrepreneurship research: A source of explanation, prediction, and delight. Journal of World Business, 41(1), 36–44. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jwb.2005.09.002.
Marschan-Piekkari, R., Welch, D., & Welch, L. (1999). Adopting a common corporate language: IHRM implications. International Journal of Human Resource Management, 10(3), 377–390. https://doi.org/10.1080/095851999340387.
Martin, R. L., & Osberg, S. (2007). Social entrepreneurship: The case for definition. Stanford: Stanford Social Innovation Review.
McDougall, P. P., & Oviatt, B. M. (2000). International entrepreneurship: The intersection of two research paths. Academy of Management Journal, 43(5), 902–906. https://doi.org/10.5465/1556418.
McKeever, E., Jack, S., & Anderson, A. (2015). Embedded entrepreneurship in the creative re-construction of place. Journal of Business Venturing, 30(1), 50–65. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusvent.2014.07.002.
Miller, D. (2005). Distributing responsibilities. In A. Kuper (Ed.), Global responsibilities: Who must deliver on human rights? (pp. 95–115). London: Routledge.
Mosley, S. D. (2017). Exploring strategies of american small business owners in united Arab emirates, doctoral dissertation. Minneapolis: Walden University.
Mudambi, R., & Zahra, S. A. (2007). The survival of international new ventures. Journal of International Business Studies, 38(2), 333–352. https://doi.org/10.1057/palgrave.jibs.8400264.
Murphy, J., Raffa, L., & Mizerski, R. (2003). The use of domain names in e-branding by the world's top brands. Electronic Markets, 13(3), 222–232. https://doi.org/10.1080/1019678032000108310.
Nag, R., & Gioia, D. A. (2012). From common to uncommon knowledge: Foundations of firm-specific use of knowledge as a resource. Academy of Management Journal, 55(2), 421–457. https://doi.org/10.5465/amj.2008.0352.
Nath, P., Kirca, A. H., Kim, S., & Andras, T. L. (2019). The effects of retail banner standardization on the performance of global retailers. Journal of Retailing, 95(3), 30–46. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jretai.2019.04.002.
Neeley, T. B. (2013). Language matters: Status loss and achieved status distinctions in global organizations. Organization Science, 24(2), 476–497. https://doi.org/10.1287/orsc.1120.0739.
Neeley, T. (2015). Global teams that work. Harvard Business Review, 93(10), 74–81 Retrieved from https://www.hbs.edu/.
Ngo, A. D., Alden, D. L., Hang, N., & Dinh, N. (2009). Developing and launching the government social franchise model of reproductive health care service delivery in Vietnam. Social Marketing Quarterly, 15(1), 71–89. https://doi.org/10.1080/15245000802632417.
Nobel Media AB. (2020). Médecins Sans Frontières – Facts. https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/peace/1999/msf/facts/. Accessed 15 May 2020.
Non-Profit Source. (2018). The ultimate list of charitable giving statistics for 2018. https://nonprofitssource.com/online-giving-statistics/#Online. Accessed 25 December 2019.
Ojala, A., & Heikkilä, J. (2011). Entrepreneurship training for new ventures. International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, 7(3), 297–310. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11365-009-0126-3.
Onetti, A., Zucchella, A., Jones, M. V., & McDougall-Covin, P. P. (2012). Internationalization, innovation and entrepreneurship: Business models for new technology-based firms. Journal of Management and Governance, 16(3), 337–368. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10997-010-9154-1.
Oviatt, B. M., & McDougall, P. P. (2005). The internationalization of entrepreneurship. Journal of International Business Studies, 36(1), 2–8. https://doi.org/10.1057/palgrave.jibs.8400119.
Pavlou, P. A., & Chai, L. (2002). What drives electronic commerce across cultures? Across-cultural empirical investigation of the theory of planned behavior. Journal of Electronic Commerce Research, 3(4), 240–253 Retrieved from http://www.jecr.org/.
Petro, B., Muddyman, G., Prichard, J., Schweigerdt, K., & Singh, N. (2007). Strategic role of localization in MNE. In Paper presented at the meeting of the applied business research conference (pp. 2–5). Honolulu.
Rask, M. (2014). Internationalization through business model innovation: In search of relevant design dimensions and elements. Journal of International Entrepreneurship, 12(2), 146–161. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10843-014-0127-3.
Ratten, V. (2013). The development of social e-enterprises, mobile communication and social networks: A social cognitive perspective of technological innovation. Journal of Electronic Commerce in Organizations (JECO), 11(3), 68–77. https://doi.org/10.4018/jeco.2013070104.
Raymond, L., Bergeron, F., & Blili, S. (2005). The assimilation of e-business in manufacturing SMEs: Determinants and effects on growth and internationalization. Electronic Markets, 15(2), 106–118. https://doi.org/10.1080/10196780500083761.
Rivas, J. L. (2012). Board versus TMT international experience: A study of their joint effects. Cross Cultural Management: An International Journal, 19(4), 546–562. https://doi.org/10.1108/13527601211270011.
Rowley, J. (2002). Using case studies in research. Management Research News, 25(1), 16–27 http://psyking.net/HTMLobj-3843/using_case_study_in_research.pdf.
Rugman, A. M., & Verbeke, A. (2004). A perspective on regional and global strategies of multinational enterprises. Journal of International Business Studies, 35(1), 3–18. https://doi.org/10.1057/palgrave.jibs.8400073.
Sia, C. L., Lim, K. H., Leung, K., Lee, M. K., Huang, W. W., & Benbasat, I. (2009). Web strategies to promote internet shopping: Is cultural-customization needed? MIS Quarterly, 33(3), 491–512 https://www.jstor.org/stable/20650306.
Singh, N. (2011). Localization strategies for global e-business. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/cbo9780511920226.
Singh, N., & Boughton, P. D. (2005). Measuring website globalization: A cross-sectional country and industry level analysis. Journal of Website Promotion, 1(3), 3–20. https://doi.org/10.1300/J238v01n03_02.
Singh, N., & Kundu, S. (2002). Explaining the growth of e-commerce corporations (ECCs): An extension and application of the eclectic paradigm. Journal of International Business Studies, 33(4), 679–697. https://doi.org/10.1057/palgrave.jibs.8491039.
Singh, N., & Pereira, A. (2005). The culturally customized web site: Designing culturally adapted websites to maximize customer appeal. Oxford: Butterworth-Heinemann.
Singh, N., Furrer, O., & Ostinelli, M. (2004). To localize or to standardize on the web: Empirical evidence from Italy, India, Netherlands, Spain, and Switzerland. Multinational Business Review, 12(1), 69–88. https://doi.org/10.1108/1525383X200400004.
Singh, N., Fassott, G., Chao, M., & Hoffmann, J. (2006). Understanding international web site usage: A cross-National Study of German, Brazilian, and Taiwanese online consumers. International Marketing Review, 23(1), 83–98. https://doi.org/10.1108/02651330610646304.
Singh, N., Toy, D. R., & Wright, L. K. (2009). A diagnostic framework for measuring web-site localization. Thunderbird International Business Review, 51(3), 281–295. https://doi.org/10.1002/tie.20265.
Sirisena, A. B., & Shneor, R. (2018). Understanding international location decisions of poverty alleviation non-profit organizations. International Journal of Emerging Markets, 13(1), 2–26. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJoEM-02-2017-0060.
Steenkamp, J. B. E. M., & Geyskens, I. (2006). How country characteristics affect the perceived value of web sites. Journal of Marketing, 70(3), 136–150. https://doi.org/10.1509/jmkg.70.3.136.
Steinfield, C., & Klein, S. (1999). Local vs. global issues in electronic commerce. Electronic Markets, 9(1–2), 45–50. https://doi.org/10.1080/101967899359238.
Strauss, A., & Corbin, J. (1998). Basics of qualitative research: Techniques and procedures for developing grounded theory. Thousand Oaks: Sage publications. https://doi.org/10.4135/9781452230153.
Suddaby, R. (2006) From the editors: What grounded theory is not. Academy of Management Journal, 49(4), 633–642. https://doi.org/10.5465/amj.2006.22083020
Tenzer, H., Pudelko, M., & Harzing, A. W. (2014). The impact of language barriers on trust formation in multinational teams. Journal of International Business Studies, 45(5), 508–535. https://doi.org/10.1057/jibs.2013.64.
Tixier, M. (2005). Globalization and localization of contents: Evolution of major internet sites across sectors of industry. Thunderbird International Business Review, 47(1), 15–48. https://doi.org/10.1002/tie.20039.
Tremblay, M., Brière, S., Daou, A., & Baillargeon, G. (2013). Are northern practices for supporting entrepreneurs transferable to the south? Lessons from a Canadian experience in South Africa. The International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Innovation, 14(4), 269–279. https://doi.org/10.5367/ijei.2013.0127.
Tse, D. K., Belk, R. W., & Zhou, N. (1989). Becoming a consumer society: A longitudinal and cross-cultural content analysis of print ads from Hong Kong, the People's Republic of China, and Taiwan. Journal of Consumer Research, 15(4), 457–472. https://doi.org/10.1086/209185.
Volery, T., 155-79. (2010). The promise of social franchising as a model to achieve social goals. In V. Hackl, & E. Elgar (Eds.), Handbook of research on social entrepreneurship (pp. 155–179). Cheltenham: Edward Elgar Publishing. https://www.alexandria.unisg.ch/69751/1/Volery_Hackl_Chapter_09.pdf
Vyncke, F., & Brengman, M. (2010). Are culturally congruent websites more effective? An overview of a decade of empirical evidence. Journal of Electronic Commerce Research, 11(1), 14–29 Retrieved from http://www.jecr.org/.
Waasdorp, E. (2003). Make the overseas leap to raise more funds. Nonprofit World, 21(5), 27–29 Retrieved from https://www.snpo.org/publications/nonprofitworld.php.
WANGO (2020). World association of non-governmental organizations. Retrieved July 10, 2020, from https://www.wango.org/about.aspx
Xu, D., & Shenkar, O. (2002). Institutional distance and the multinational enterprise. Academy of Management Review, 27(4), 608–618. https://doi.org/10.5465/amr.2002.7566108.
Yin, R. K. (2003). Case study research: Design and methods. Thousand Oaks: Sage Publications.
Yin, R. K. (2009). Case study research: Design and methods (4th Ed.). Thousand Oaks. CA: Sage. The Canadian Journal of Action Research, 14(1), 69–71. https://doi.org/10.33524/cjar.v14i1.73
Zahra, S. A., Rawhouser, H. N., Bhawe, N., Neubaum, D. O., & Hayton, J. C. (2008). Globalization of social entrepreneurship opportunities. Strategic Entrepreneurship Journal, 2(2), 117–131. https://doi.org/10.1002/sej.43.
Acknowledgements
We would like to thank the Oxfam and Habitat for Humanity managers who provided valuable information for this project.
We would like to thank the editor and reviewers for their insightful comments, as these comments led to a significant improvement of the paper.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Responsible Editor: Rainer Alt
Publisher’s note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Benmamoun, M., Alhor, H., Ascencio, C. et al. Social enterprises in electronic markets: web localization or standardization. Electron Markets 31, 215–231 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12525-020-00430-7
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12525-020-00430-7