Abstract
Despite the advances in understanding the relationship between smoking and depressive symptomatology, scarce research has investigated cognitive variables underlying in such relation. The main aim of this study is to examine the mediating effect of two rumination subtypes (brooding and reflection) in the link between depressive symptoms and both cigarette dependence level and tobacco craving in treatment-seeking smokers. Participants were 275 adult daily smokers seeking treatment to quit smoking (61.5% females; Mage = 45.3 years; SD = 10.9). Multiple mediation analysis was conducted to explore the mediating effects of rumination (brooding and reflection) in the relation between depressive symptoms, cigarette dependence level, and craving. Results showed a significant indirect effect of depressive symptoms through the joint of both rumination subtypes on cigarette dependence (β = 0.089; 95% BootCI [0.006, 0.168]), and craving (β = 0.123; 95% BootCI [0.048, 0.205]). The specific analysis of each mediator showed that only brooding subtype had a significant effect on the relation between depressive symptoms and tobacco craving (β = 0.101; 95% BootCI [0.023, 0.186]). Findings of the present study provide further evidence for the role of rumination in smoking-related variables and for the potential value of introducing rumination-focused interventions into smoking-cessation interventions.
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Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competiveness (Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad) and FEDER had no role in the study design, collection, analysis or interpretation of the data, writing the manuscript, or the decision to submit the paper for publication.
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All authors were substantially involved in the conception of the study and participated in its design. CMV, ALD, and EB collected the data. CS and CMV conducted the statistical analysis. CMV and CS drafted the first version of the manuscript with the assistance of ALD, EFR and EB. All authors contributed to the review and editing of the manuscript and have read and approved the final manuscript.
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This research was supported by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competiveness (Project reference: PSI2015–66755-R) and co-financed by FEDER (European Regional Development Fund; pluri-annual plan 2014–2020).
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Carmela Martínez-Vispo, Carmen Senra, Ana López-Durán, Elena Fernández del Río, and Elisardo Becoña that they have no conflict of interest.
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Martínez-Vispo, C., Senra, C., López-Durán, A. et al. Does Rumination Mediate the Effect of Depressive Symptoms on Cigarette Dependence and Craving in Seeking Treatment Smokers?. J Psychopathol Behav Assess 42, 765–773 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10862-020-09812-9
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10862-020-09812-9