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Possible Mechanisms of the Influence of the Supramillary Nucleus on the Functioning of the Dentate Gyrus and the CA2 Field of the Hippocamsus (Role of Disinhibition)

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Abstract—We analyzed possible mechanisms of the influence of the supramammillary nucleus of the hypothalamus (SMN) on the activity of granule cells of the dentate gyrus and pyramidal neurons of the CA2 field of the hippocampus. We used known data on the functional organization of excitatory and inhibitory interactions in the neural network, which includes the SMN, hippocampus, septum, and entorhinal cortex. We propose that the induction of long-term potentiation in the perforant path inputs to granule cells and pyramidal neurons of the CA2 field during simultaneous stimulation of the SMN and the entorhinal cortex is promoted by disinhibition, which involves interconnected inhibitory neurons located in different fields of the hippocampus, the septum, and the SMN. In the waking state, the glutamatergic input from the SMN to the CA2 field promotes the potentiation of inputs from the entorhinal cortex and from the CA3 field to the pyramidal neurons of the CA2 field, which facilitates the propagation of signals through the trisynaptic hippocampal pathway. Taking into account the known data on the increased activity of the SMN during paradoxical sleep, data on the participation of the SMN in an increase in the activity of granule cells and pyramidal neurons of the CA2 field, and data on the high efficiency of input from the CA2 field into the CA1 field, we hypothesized that during paradoxical sleep, when the transmission of information through the classical trisynaptic pathway is suppressed, it is transferred to the CA1 field through the dentate gyrus and CA2 field. Our analysis suggests that the SMN-induced facilitation of signal transmission through different hippocampal fields as well as an increase in the activity of SMN and granule cells during paradoxical sleep, which promotes neurogenesis, may underlie the participation of SMN in memory processes.

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Funding

This work was supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research, project no. 19-515-52001/MNT p.

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  1. Institute of Higher Nervous Activity and Neurophysiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Butlerova 5a, 117865, Moscow, Russia

    I. G. Silkis & V. A. Markevich

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  1. I. G. Silkis
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Abbreviations: GC, granule cell of the dentate gyrus; LTP, long-term potentiation of the excitatory synaptic input; DG, dentate gyrus; MC, hilus mossy cell; BC, GABAergic basket cell; CC, GABAergic chandelier cell; MS, medial septum; PV, parvalbumin; PS, paradoxical sleep; PP, perforant path; SMN, supramamillary nucleus of the hypothalamus; EC, entorhinal cortex

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Silkis, I.G., Markevich, V.A. Possible Mechanisms of the Influence of the Supramillary Nucleus on the Functioning of the Dentate Gyrus and the CA2 Field of the Hippocamsus (Role of Disinhibition). Neurochem. J. 14, 375–383 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1134/S181971242004011X

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