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Early Platforms, Early Plazas: Exploring the Precursors to Mississippian Mound-and-Plaza Centers

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Abstract

Platform mounds and plazas have a 5000-year-long history in the eastern United States but are often viewed through the lens of late prehistoric and early historic understandings of mound use. This review approaches the history of these important landscape features via a forward-looking temporal framework that emphasizes the variability in their construction and use through time and across space. I suggest that by viewing platform mounds in their historical contexts, emphasizing the construction process over final form, and focusing on nonmound sites and off-mound areas such as plazas, we can build a less biased and more complex understanding of early Native American monumentality.

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Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4

(adapted from Charles et al. 2004, fig. 3.3)

Fig. 5

(adapted from Roe and Schilling 2010, fig. 9.1)

Fig. 6

(adapted from Russo 2006, fig. 1; Saunders 2017, fig. 2; Schwadron 2010, fig. 6.6)

Fig. 7

(adapted from Pluckhahn 2010, fig. 6.2)

Fig. 8

(adapted from Phillips 1970, figs. 77, 80, 133, and 149)

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Acknowledgments

I greatly appreciate the invitation from the editors to write this article as it provided the impetus for me to examine the topic of pre-Mississippian platform mounds much more broadly than I had previously. In stepping out of my regional and temporal specialties, I have relied heavily on colleagues for conversation and help tracking down hard-to-find sources. In particular, I would like to acknowledge the efforts of David Abbott, Tony Boudreaux, David Cranford, Kelly Ervin, Diana Greenlee, Benjamin Hocksbergen, Hunter Johnson, Scot Keith, Brian Mabelitini, Duncan McKinnon, Haley Holt Mehta, Jeff Mitchem, Travis Rael, Neill Wallis, and Alice Wright. I am also eternally grateful to Kyle Olson, who made the maps for this article and will someday teach me how to do it myself. Finally, I would like to thank T. R. Kidder, Thomas Pluckhahn, Neill Wallis, and three anonymous reviewers for the incredible amount of work they put into their detailed reviews of this manuscript and for being willing to continue discussing with me as I revised. Even with all of this help, I am sure I present an incomplete and imperfect picture and any errors in this review are entirely my own.

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  1. Department of Anthropology, Museum of Archaeology and Anthropology, University of Pennsylvania, 3260 South Street, Room 325, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA

    Megan C. Kassabaum

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Kassabaum, M.C. Early Platforms, Early Plazas: Exploring the Precursors to Mississippian Mound-and-Plaza Centers. J Archaeol Res 27, 187–247 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10814-018-9121-y

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