Abstract
This article considers problems of the biosphere: global warming, environmental pollution, the consequences of economic globalization, reduced biodiversity, the production and cultivation of genetically modified organisms, and related problems of environmental genetics, a scientific field that studies genetic processes in populations and takes into account environmental effects.
Similar content being viewed by others
REFERENCES
Altukhov, Yu.P., Population genetics and biodiversity conservation, Sorosovskii Obraz. Zh., 1995, no. 1, pp. 32–43.
Altukhov, Yu.P., Nature protective genetics, Nauka Ross., 2002, no. 3, pp. 25–32.
Andrianov, B.V., Blekhman, A.V., Goryacheva, I.I., et al., Aziatskaya bozh’ya korovka Harmonia axyridis: global’naya invaziya (Global Invasion of the Asian Lady Beetle Harmonia axyridis), Moscow: KMK, 2018.
Antonovics, J., Metal tolerance in plants: perfecting an evolutionary paradigm, Proc. Int. Conf. on Heavy Metals in the Environment, Toronto, Canada, Toronto: Univ. Toronto, 1975, pp. 189–186.
Arca, M., Mougel, F., Guillemaud, T., et al., Reconstructing the invasion and the demographic history of the yellow-legged hornet, Vespa velutina, in Europe, Biol. Invasions, 2015, vol. 17, pp. 2357–2371.
Balanyá, J., Oller, J.M., Huey, R.B., et al., Global genetic change tracks global climate warming in Drosophila subobscura,Science, 2006, vol. 313, no. 5794, pp. 1773–1775. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1131002
Creed, E.R., Geographic variation in the two-spot ladybird in England and Wales, Heredity, 1966, vol. 21, pp. 57–72.
Creed, E.R., Melanism in the two-spot ladybird, Adalia bipunctata, in Great Britain, in Ecological Genetics and Evolution, Creed, E.R., Ed., Oxford: Blackwell, 1971a, pp. 134–151.
Creed, E.R., Industrial melanism in the two-spot ladybird and smoke abatement, Evolution, 1971b, vol. 25, pp. 290–293.
De Meester, L., Stoks, R., and Brans, K.I., Genetic adaptation as a biological buffer against climate change: potential and limitations, Integr. Zool., 2018, vol. 13, pp. 372–391. https://doi.org/10.1111/1749-4877.12298
Duan, J.J., Marvier, M., Huesing, J., et al., A meta-analysis of effects of Bt crops on honey bees (Hymenoptera: Apidae), PLoS One, 2008, vol. 3, no. 1, p. e1415. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0001415
Ernst, W.H.O., Evolution of metal tolerance in higher plants, For. Snow Landscape Res., 2006, vol. 80, no. 3, pp. 251–274.
Frankham, R., Conservation genetics, Ann. Rev. Genet., 1995, vol. 29, pp. 305–327.https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.ge.29.120195.00151388-25477
Genetics for a warming world, Nat. Genet., 2019, vol. 51, p. 1195. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41588-019-0488-6
Jordan, S., Giersch, J.J., Muhlfeld, C.C., et al., Loss of genetic diversity and increased subdivision in an endemic alpine stonefly threatened by climate change, PLoS One, 2016, vol. 11, no. 6, p. e0157386. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0157386
Kapitsa, S.P., Skol’ko lyudei zhilo, zhivet i budet zhit’ na zemle. Ocherk teorii rosta chelovechestva (How Many People Have Lived, Live and Will Live on Earth. An Outline of the Theory of Human Population Growth), Moscow: Nauka, 1999.
Lombaert, E., Guillemaud, T., Cornuet, J.-M., et al., Bridgehead effect in the worldwide invasion of the biocontrol harlequin ladybird, PLoS One, 2010, vol. 5, no. 1, p. e9743.
Lombaert, E., Guillemaud, T., Lundgren, J., et al., Complementarity of statistical treatments to reconstruct worldwide routes of invasion: the case of Asian ladybird Harmonia axyridis,Mol. Ecol., 2014, vol. 23, no. 1, pp. 5979–5997.
Lusis, Ya.Ya., Biological role of color polymorphism of two-spot ladybird Adalia bipunctata L., Latv. Entomol., 1961, no. 4, pp. 3–29.
Majerus, M.E.N., Melanism: Evolution in Action, Oxford: Oxford Univ. Press, 1998.
Palenko, M.V., Andrianov, B.V., Romanov, D.A., and Zakharov, I.A., Geographical ecocline polymorphism of the distribution of mitochondrial haplotypes of Adalia bipunctata Linnaeus, 1758 (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) of Norway, Russ. J. Genet., 2018, vol. 54, no. 4, pp. 451–456. https://doi.org/10.1134/S1022795418040117
Sear, M., Helmich, R.L., Stanley-Horn, D.E., et al., Impact of Bt corn pollen on monarch butterfly, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., 2001, vol. 98, no. 21, pp. 11937–11942.
Shevchenko, V.I., Radiatsionnaya genetika odnokeltochnykh vodoroslei (Radiation Genetics of Unicellular Algae), Moscow: Nauka, 1979.
Shevchenko, V.A. and Pomerantseva, M.D., Geneticheskie posledstviya ioniziruyushchikh izluchenii (Genetic Consequences of the Ionizing Radiation), Moscow: Nauka, 1985.
Shevchenko, V.A., Pechkurenkov, V.L., and Avramov, V.I., Radiatsionnaya genetika prirodnykh populyatsii (Radiation Genetics of Natural Populations), Moscow: Nauka, 1992.
Spielman, D., Brook, B.W., and Frankham, R., Most species are not driven to extinction before genetic factors impact them, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., 2004, vol. 101, no. 42, pp. 15261–15264. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0403809101
Tsatsakis, A., Nawaz, M.A., Kouretas, D., et al., Environmental impacts of genetically modified plants: a review, Environ. Res., 2017, vol. 156, pp. 818–833. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2017.03.011
van Heerwaarden, B. and Hoffmann, A.A., Global warming: fly populations are responding rapidly to climate change, Curr. Biol., 2007, vol. 17, no. 1, pp. R16–R18. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2006.11.035
Zakharov, I.A., Ekologicheskaya genetika i problemy biosfery (Ecological Genetics and Problems of Biosphere), Leningrad: Znanie, 1984.
Funding
This work was supported by a grant from the Russian Science Foundation, project no. 16-16-00079-P.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Conflict of interests. The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.
Statement on the welfare of humans or animals. This article does not contain any studies involving animals performed by any of the authors.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Zakharov, I.A. Ecological Genetics and Modern Problems of the Biosphere. Biol Bull Rev 10, 543–550 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1134/S2079086420060092
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S2079086420060092