Intensification of the Foam Technology by the Energy of Electrohydrothermal Force Fields. Part 2. Regularities of Optimization of the Structure of a Lightweight Foam Material Under the Influence of EHTFF¹

The formation of the structure of lightweight materials is governed by the complicated processes running in complex three-phase systems. We study the procedure of electric heating as a control factor guaranteeing the possibility of forced lowering of the moisture content of foam masses and the acceleration of the processes of structure formation. Amodel of gas pores with force vectors is proposed. The internal and external factors affecting air pores in the course of electric heating are analyzed. The thermodynamic changes in the foam system and the phenomena of heat-and-mass transfer in this system are analyzed. The state of the foam system is determined by variable parameters, such as temperature, excess pressure, and electric voltage. As a result of the complex action of electrohydrothermal force fields on the foam masses, the presence of stratification and cavities is excluded, and the macrostructure becomes homogeneous. The choice of a foaming agent according to its pH value and the electric conductivity of a solution of surfactant is substantiated.