Reproductive biology of the finetooth shark (Carcharhinus isodon) in the northern Gulf of Mexico, with evidence of both annual and biennial reproduction
Jeremy M. Higgs
A E , Eric R. Hoffmayer B , James A. Sulikowski C , William B. Driggers
+ Author Affiliations
- Author Affiliations
A The University of Southern Mississippi, Center for Fisheries Research and Development, Gulf Coast Research Laboratory, 703 East Beach Drive, Ocean Springs, MS 39564, USA.
B National Marine Fisheries Service, Southeast Fisheries Science Center, Mississippi Laboratories, 3209 Frederic Street, Pascagoula, MS 39567, USA.
C Arizona State University, New College of Interdisciplinary Arts and Sciences, School of Mathematical and Natural Sciences, 4701 West Thunderbird Road, Glendale, AZ 85306, USA.
D Coastal Seafood LLC, 11590 Bay Road West, Foley, AL 36535, USA.
E Corresponding author. Email: j.higgs@usm.edu
Marine and Freshwater Research 72(5) 693-708 https://doi.org/10.1071/MF20120
Submitted: 22 April 2020 Accepted: 1 September 2020 Published: 30 November 2020
Abstract
Intraspecific variability in life-history patterns is well documented in elasmobranchs, and defining regionally specific parameters is essential for proper management and sustainability of species. Studies on the reproductive biology of finetooth sharks (Carcharhinus isodon) have noted a potential disparity in periodicity within North American waters. To better define regional variability, the current study collected 1490 finetooth sharks (831 female, 659 male) from the northern Gulf of Mexico. The size-at-maturity was determined to be 995- and 961-mm fork length for females and males respectively. In males, the peak gonadosomatic index (GSI) in March and presence of semen in the seminal vesicles in April suggested spermatogenesis occurs from March to April. In females, ovulation occurred from May to June, with a peak GSI occurring in May and maximum vitellogenic follicle diameter occurring in May and June. Gestation was found to be 11–12 months, with parturition occurring in May and June and a mean brood size was 3.8 ± 0.1 embryos. Of the 50 females examined during the ovulatory period, 32 exhibited annual and 18 exhibited biennial reproductive periodicity. The results from this study will be impactful, because regionally distinct reproductive parameters can now be considered for future assessments.
Keywords: carcharhinidae, elasmobranch, life history, potential lifetime reproductive output.
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