Abstract
γ-Brass type phases in Cu–Zn–In ternary system were synthesized from the highly pure elements by conventional solid-state synthesis and characterized by X-ray diffraction and EDX analysis. Diffraction analysis confirmed the existence of cubic γ-brass type phases with I- and P-cell having a significant homogeneity range in the ternary Cu–Zn–In system. The phase homogeneity is connected with structural disorder based on mixed site occupancies. Site specific In substitution was observed during single-crystal structure analysis. The γ-brass structures with body-centered cubic lattice (I
Funding source: Science and Engineering Research Board
Award Identifier / Grant number: ECR/2016/000329
Acknowledgment
SM acknowledges IIT Kharagpur for the Ph.D. fellowship. The authors thank Mr. Mithun Das for EDX measurements.
Author contribution: All the authors have accepted responsibility for the entire content of this submitted manuscript and approved submission.
Research funding: This work was supported by funding from the Science and Engineering Research Board (SERB), India for Early Career Research Award (Grant No: ECR/2016/000329).
Conflict of interest statement: There are no conflicts of interest to disclose. The authors also declare no competing financial interest.
References
1. Xie, W., Miller, G. J. New Co-Pd-Zn γ-brasses with dilute ferrimagnetism and Co2Zn11 revisited: establishing the synergism between theory and experiment. Chem. Mater. 2014, 26, 2624–2634; https://doi.org/10.1021/cm500078w.Search in Google Scholar
2. Xie, W., Liu, J., Pecharsky, V., Miller, G. J. γ-Brasses with spontaneous magnetization: atom site preferences and magnetism in the Fe-Zn and Fe-Pd-Zn phase spaces. Z. Anorg. Allg. Chem. 2015, 641, 270–278; https://doi.org/10.1002/zaac.201400539.Search in Google Scholar
3. Ghanta, S., Kamboj, R., George, N. M., Jana, P. P. Formation of γ-brass type pseudo-binary Ni2Zn11-4δXδ (0≤δ≤∼0.13) (X = In and Ga) by an exchange mechanism. J. Solid State Chem. 2020, 289, 4–10; https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jssc.2020.121465.Search in Google Scholar
4. Thimmaiah, S., Crumpton, N. A., Miller, G. J. Crystal structures and stabilities of γ- and Γ′-brass phases in Pd2-xAuxZn11 (x = 0.2–0.8): vacancies vs. valence electron concentration. Z. Anorg. Allg. Chem. 2011, 637, 1992–1999; https://doi.org/10.1002/zaac.201100357.Search in Google Scholar
5. Gourdon, O., Miller, G. J. Intergrowth compounds in the Zn-rich Zn-Pd system: toward 1D quasicrystal approximants. Chem. Mater. 2006, 18, 1848–1856; https://doi.org/10.1021/cm0526415.Search in Google Scholar
6. Gourdon, O., Izaola, Z., Elcoro, L., Petricek, V., Miller, G. J. Zn1-xPdx (x = 0.14–0.24): a missing link between intergrowth compounds and quasicrystal approximants. Philos. Mag. 2006, 86, 419–425; https://doi.org/10.1080/14786430500254701.Search in Google Scholar
7. Demange, V., Ghanbaja, J., Machizaud, F., Dubois, J. M. About γ-brass phases in the Al-Cr-Fe system and their relationships to quasicrystals and approximants. Philos. Mag. 2005, 85, 1261–1272; https://doi.org/10.1080/14786430500037049.Search in Google Scholar
8. Spanjers, C. S., Dasgupta, A., Kirkham, M., Burger, B. A., Kumar, G., Janik, M. J., Rioux, R. M. Determination of bulk and surface atomic arrangement in Ni-Zn γ-brass phase at different Ni to Zn ratios. Chem. Mater. 2017, 29, 504–512; https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemmater.6b01769.Search in Google Scholar
9. Dasgupta, A., Zimmerer, E. K., Meyer, R. J., Rioux, R. M. Generalized approach for the synthesis of silica supported Pd-Zn, Cu-Zn and Ni-Zn gamma brass phase nanoparticles. Catal. Today 2019, 334, 231–242; https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cattod.2018.10.050.Search in Google Scholar
10. Gourdon, O., Gout, D., Williams, D. J., Proffen, T., Hobbs, S., Miller, G. J. Atomic distributions in the γ-brass structure of the Cu-Zn system: a structural and theoretical study. Inorg. Chem. 2007, 46, 251–260; https://doi.org/10.1021/ic0616380.Search in Google Scholar PubMed
11. Che, G. C., Ellner, M. Powder crystal data for the high-temperature phases Cu4In, Cu9In4 (h) and Cu2In (h). Powder Diffr. 1992, 7, 107–108; https://doi.org/10.1017/s0885715600018340.Search in Google Scholar
12. Booth, M. H., Brandon, J. K., Brizard, R. Y., Chieh, C., Pearson, W. B. γ-Brasses with F Cells. Acta Crystallogr. Sec. B 1977, 33, 30–36; https://doi.org/10.1107/s0567740877002556.Search in Google Scholar
13. Arnberg, L., Jonsson, A., Westman, S. The structure of the delta-phase in the Cu-Sn system. A phase of gamma-brass type with an 18 A superstructure. Acta Chem. Scand. 1976, 30A, 187–192; https://doi.org/10.3891/acta.chem.scand.30a-0187.Search in Google Scholar
14. Brandon, J. K., Kim, H. S., Pearson, W. B. The crystallographic analysis of InMn3, a new form of γ-brass structure with a P cell. Acta Crystallogr. Sec. B 1979, 35, 1937–1944; https://doi.org/10.1107/s0567740879008207.Search in Google Scholar
15. Brandon, J. K., Brizard, R. Y., Pearson, W. B., Tozer, D. J. N. γ-Brasses with I and P cells. Acta Crystallogr. Sec. B 1977, 33, 527–537; https://doi.org/10.1107/s0567740877003987.Search in Google Scholar
16. Puselj, M., Schubert, K. Crystal-structures of Au9In4(H) and Au7In3. J. Less-Common MET. 1975, 41, 33–44. https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-5088(75)90091-0.Search in Google Scholar
17. Kisi, E. H., Browne, J. D. Ordering and structural vacancies in non‐stoichiometric Cu–Al γ brasses. Acta Crystallogr. Sec. B 1991, 47, 835–843; https://doi.org/10.1107/s0108768191005694.Search in Google Scholar
18. Kwon, J., Thuinet, L., Avettand-Fènoël, M. N., Legris, A., Besson, R. Point defects and formation driving forces of complex metallic alloys: atomic-scale study of Al4Cu9. Intermetallics 2014, 46, 250–258; https://doi.org/10.1016/j.intermet.2013.11.023.Search in Google Scholar
19. Stokhuyzen, R., Brandon, J. K., Chieh, P. C., Pearson, W. B. Copper–gallium, γ1 Cu9Ga4. Acta Crystallogr. Sec. B 1974, 30, 2910–2911; https://doi.org/10.1107/s0567740874008478.Search in Google Scholar
20. Bradley, A. J., Thewlis, J. The structure of γ-brass. Proc. R. Soc. London, Ser. A 1926, 112, 678.10.1098/rspa.1926.0134Search in Google Scholar
21. Lord, E. A., Ranganathan, S. The γ-brass structure and the Boerdijk-Coxeter helix. J. Non-Cryst. Solids 2004, 334–335, 121–125; https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2003.11.069.Search in Google Scholar
22. Brandon, B. Y. J. K., Chieh, P. C., Mcmillan, R. K., Pearson, W. B. New refinements of the γ brass type structures Cu5Zn8, Cu5Cd8 and Fe3Zn10. Acta Crystallogr. B. 1974, 30, 1412–1417; https://doi.org/10.1107/s0567740874004997.Search in Google Scholar
23. Misra, S., Pahari, D., Giri, S., Puravankara, S., Jana, P. P. Synthesis, crystal structures, phase width and electrochemical performances of γ-brass type phases in Cu-Zn-Sn system. J. Alloys Compd. 2020, 855, 157372–157384.10.1016/j.jallcom.2020.157372Search in Google Scholar
24. Kanlayasiri, K., Mongkolwongrojn, M., Ariga, T. Influence of indium addition on characteristics of Sn-0.3Ag-0.7Cu solder alloy. J. Alloys Compd. 2009, 485, 225–230; https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2009.06.020.Search in Google Scholar
25. Sharif, A., Chan, Y. C. Effect of indium addition in Sn-rich solder on the dissolution of Cu metallization. J. Alloys Compd. 2005, 390, 67–73; https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2004.08.023.Search in Google Scholar
26. Chang, R. W., Patrick McCluskey, F. Reliability assessment of indium solder for low temperature electronic packaging. Cryogenics 2009, 49, 630–634; https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cryogenics.2009.02.003.Search in Google Scholar
27. Villars, P., Cenzual, K. Pearson’s Crystal Data – Crystal Structure Database for Inorganic Compounds (DVD Software Version 2.2b), Release 2018/19; ASM INTERNATIONAL: Materials Park, Ohio, USA.Search in Google Scholar
28. Apex Suite of Crystallographic Software; Bruker AXS Inc.: Madison, WI, USA, 2008.Search in Google Scholar
29. Petricek, V., Dusek, M., Palatinus, L. The crystallographic computing system, JANA2006: general features. Z. Kristallogr. 2014, 229, 345–352.10.1515/zkri-2014-1737Search in Google Scholar
30. Palatinus, L., Chapuis, G. SUPERFLIP – a computer program for the solution of crystal structures by charge flipping in arbitrary dimensions. J. Appl. Crystallogr. 2007, 40, 786–790; https://doi.org/10.1107/s0021889807029238.Search in Google Scholar
31. Brandenburg, K., Putz, H. Crystal Impact (Version 3.0); Crystal Impact GbR: Bonn, Germany, 2011.Search in Google Scholar
32. McCusker, L. B., Von Dreele, R. B., Cox, D. E., Louër, D., Scardi, P. Rietveld refinement guidelines. J. Appl. Crystallogr. 1999, 32, 36–50; https://doi.org/10.1107/s0021889898009856.Search in Google Scholar
Supplementary Material
The online version of this article offers supplementary material (https://doi.org/10.1515/zkri-2020-0079).
© 2020 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston