Abstract
Environmental pollution produced due to direct and untreated release of toxic organic pollutants such as dyes from the textile industries is not only effect the human life but also contaminates the ecosystem through different transferal modes. Green nanomaterials synthesized by using biological reducing agents offer sustainable, economically viable, facile, rapid and eco-friendly approach with photocatalytic degradation efficiencies >90% for organic dyes over the other traditional technologies. Current review has for the first time comprehensively abridged the suitability of green nanoparticles over chemogenic nanoparticles, the remediative role of these biogenic nanoparticles with major emphasis on the recent progressions in the photocatalysis of different toxic dyes and pollutants. Unlike physicochemically processed nanoparticles, biogenic nanoparticles has profound contribution to the sustainable development goals due to their cleaner and economical synthesis in addition to their detoxifying role. Meticulous review of the publications are strongly suggestive of the adoptability of biogenic nanoparticles at an implementation scale for their auspicious remediative role in addition to facile fabrication, natural reducing agents based synthetic mode, toxicity free and sustainable nature. However, the studies are also indicative of the need for utilization of biogenic synthesis at practical scale to derive maximum sustainability and ecological benefits.
About the authors
Ms. Shaan Bibi Jaffri is a Pakistan’s Higher Education Commission Ph. D Scholar studying Environmental Chemistry at the Department of Environmental Sciences. She finished her bachelor’s degree in Environmental Sciences in 2015 and M. Phil in Environmental Chemistry in 2017 at Fatima Jinnah Women University, The Mall, 46000, Rawalpindi, Pakistan. Ms. Jaffri has published 35+ peer reviewed articles in ISI indexed journals. Her research interests are the fabrication of green nanomaterials, perovskite solar cells efficiency and stability enhancement via novel materials, fabrication of nanoscale materials for utilization in perovskite solar cells and photo-catalysis of metallic nanoparticles.
Dr. Khuram Shahzad Ahmad is an assistant professor at the Department of Environmental Sciences, Fatima Jinnah Women University, The Mall, 46000 Rawalpindi, Pakistan. He finished his PhD in Chemistry from the University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom and published 100+ peer reviewed articles. His research interests are the perovskite solar cells fabrication, metal sulphides and oxides synthesis and applications, supercapacitors, sensors, and adsorption in addition to biogenic nanomaterials for electrical applications. Dr. Ahmad is running number of industry based projects currently.
Dr. Khalid Hussain Thebo has completed Master of Philosophy (M.Phil) degree from University of Manchester, UK. He has obtained PhD degree in Material Science and Engineering from Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Science (CAS), China under supervision of Prof. Wencai Ren & Prof. Hui-Ming Cheng on “Graphene- based membrane for water purification and desalination applications”. His research interest includes: synthesis of 2D Materials (Graphene, Mxene & Metal Chalcogenides); Carbon Nanotubes, membrane science/technology for drinking water purification and wastewater reuse, Gas membranes and absorbents; Proton exchange membranes and Photocatalysis.
Mr. Faisal Rehman has over three years of working experience in Digital Fabrication and Electronics Design. He has completed his B.E (Electronic Engineering) and M.E (Electronics System Design) with specialization in Micro Electronics system Design from Sukkur IBA University, Sindh Pakistan. Mr. Rehman has completed Master of Science (MS) degree in Digital Fabrication Design from Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), USA. He is coauthor of ~ 12 research papers including 09 Journal Papers, 1 x Book chapter and 02 Conference Papers. His research interests are Lab on Chip, Bio Chip, Material Engineering, 2D Materials, Graphene, Solar Cell Fabrication, Bio Electronics, Nano Electronics, Micro Electronics, Embedded Electronics, CAD Design CNC Machining, 3D design and Fabrication, and Micro Electromechanical Systems.
Acknowledgment
The concept, idea, data and writing is the intellectual property right of Dr. Khuram Shahzad Ahmad and Lab E-21 of Department of Environmental Sciences, Fatima Jinnah Women University, The Mall, 46000, Rawalpindi, Pakistan. Author want to thank Department of Environmental Sciences, Fatima Jinnah Women University, The Mall, 46000, Rawalpindi, Pakistan for the provisioning of the technical and financial facilities needed for the completion of this work.
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Author contribution: All the authors have accepted responsibility for the entire content of this submitted manuscript and approved submission.
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Research funding: None declared.
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Conflict of interest statement: The authors declare no conflicts of interest regarding this article.
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