Abstract
Herein we report the isolation of a novel actinomycete, strain MCCB 268T, from the sediment sample collected from a high Arctic fjord Kongsfjorden. MCCB 268T showed greater than 97% 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity with those of Pseudonocardia konjuensis LM 157T (98.06%), Pseudonocardia soli NW8-21 (97.22%) Pseudonocardia endophytica YIM 56035 (97.08%) and Pseudonocardia nantongensis KLBMP 1282 (97.34%) showing that the strain should be assigned to the genus Pseudonocardia. DNA–DNA hybridization with Pseudonocardia konjuensis LM 157T showed only 41.5% relatedness to strain MCCB 268T. The whole genome of the strain MCCB 268T was sequenced. Whole-genome average nucleotide identity, dDDH (%) and genome tree analysis demonstrated that strain significantly differed from other Pseudonocardia species. The G + C content was 70.5 mol%. MCCB 268T exhibited in vitro cytotoxicity and through bioassay guided fractionation followed by HPLC separation a cytotoxic compound (I) was isolated. The compound (I) was identified as 1-acetyl-β-carboline through NMR spectra and high-resolution mass spectrometry. Compound (I) showed cytotoxicity against lung cancer cell line and mode of anticancer activity was found to be through the induction of apoptosis. Based on the genotypic and phenotypic features, MCCB 268T ought to be classified as a novel species under the genus Pseudonocardia for which the name Pseudonocardia cytotoxica sp. nov. is proposed (= CCUG72333T = JCM32718T).
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Acknowledgements
STP wish to acknowledge University Grants Commission, New Delhi for the Raman Postdoctoral Fellowship for Indian Scholars in the United States of America (F. No. 5-28/2016(IC) dated 10th Feb 2016) and the Director, NCPOR, Ministry of Earth Sciences, Government of India for providing the logistic support for the filed access to Arctic. DM would like to thank Cochin University of Science and Technology and Kerala State Council for Science, Technology and Environment, Govt. of Kerala, India for providing fellowship funding.
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This study was funded by University Grants Commission, New Delhi under the Raman Postdoctoral Fellowship for Indian Scholars in the United States of America (F. No. 5-28/2016(IC) dated 10th Feb 2016) for STP.
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STP, KPK, and JBM conceived and designed research. MD, MU, TSM, SV, RKS and STP conducted experiments. PF, AA, MD and STP analyzed data. MD wrote the manuscript. STP and JBM edited the manuscript. All authors read and approved the manuscript.
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Dhaneesha, M., Umar, M., Merlin, T.S. et al. Pseudonocardia cytotoxica sp. nov., a novel actinomycete isolated from an Arctic fjord with potential to produce cytotoxic compound. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 114, 23–35 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10482-020-01490-7
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10482-020-01490-7