Abstract
The kinetics of oxidation of methylene blue with potassium bromate was investigated by observing decolorization of methylene blue in aqueous, aqueous methanol and aqueous isopropanol solvent system. The rate of reaction was studied as function of concentrations of methylene blue and potassium bromate in acidic medium at temperature 303 and 313 K. The increase in concentration of potassium bromate enhances the rate of decolorization of methylene blue in acidic medium; no significant change in rate was observed with variation of methylene blue. The rate of decolorization was found to be fastest in aqueous methanol compared to aqueous isopropanol and slow in aqueous medium. From the investigation, it was observed the reaction follows pseudo-first-order kinetics. The kinetic data were used to propose the mechanism of reaction. Thermodynamic parameters, enthalpy of activation (ΔH*), entropy of activation (ΔS*) and Gibbs free energy of activation (ΔG*), were also calculated to support kinetic results.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Abbaspour A, Moosavi SMM, Mirzajani R (2007) Catalytic spectrophotometric determination of Vanadium (IV) based on the oxidation of alkali blue by potassium bromate. Iran J Sci Technol Trans A 31:231–239
Abdulsalam S, Idris SO (2016) Kinetic approach to the mechanism of oxidation of hexamethylpararosaniline chloride by bromate ion in acidic medium. FUW Trends Sci Technol J 1:546–553
Abou-Gamra ZM, Medien HAA (2014) Kinetics of the oxidative decolorization of Amaranth Red by acidic bromate. Eur Chem Bull 3:729–733
Adetoro A, Iyunand JF, Idris SO (2010) Bromate ion oxidation of pyrocatechol violet in aqueous hydrochloric acid kinetics and mechanism. Arch Appl Sci Res 2:177–184
Adetoro A, Ladipo MK, Popoola OE, Edokpayi JN (2014) Electron transfer reaction and mechanism of crystal violet with bromate ion in aqueous hydrochloric acidic medium. World J Chem 9:20–23
Ashfaq M, Saeed R, Masood S, Khan SR (2015) Kinetic study of reduction of N-[4-[Bis[4-dimethylamino)-phenyl]-methylene]-2,5-cyclohexadiene-1-ylidene]-methanaminium chloride with iodide in aqueous ethanol system. Chiang Mai J Sci 42:963–971
Ashfaq M, Saeed R, Khan SR, Masood S (2016) Solvatochromic effect and kinetics of methyl violet reduction with potassium iodide in water–isopropanol mixtures. Russ J Phys Chem A 90:2556–2563
Ayoko GA, Iyunand JF, El-Idris IF (1991) Electron transfer at tetrahedral cobalt(II) Part 1 Kinetics of bromate ion reduction. Transit Met Chem 16:145–148
Birk JP (1978) Kinetics and mechanism of the reduction of bromate ion by hexachloroiridate(III). Inorg Chem 2:504–506
Cizek Z, Studlarova V (1984) Extraction-spectrophotometric determination of small amounts of boron in copper metal and copper-base alloys with methylene blue. Talanta 31:547–549
Ese UP, Faruruwa MD (2014) Kinetic analysis of the oxidation of nitrate ion by methylthioninium chloride in acid medium. J Appl Sci Environ Manag 18:460–466
Idris SO, Bako B, Iyun JF, Myek B (2014) Kinetics and mechanism of the oxidation of bromopyrogallol red by bromate ion in aqueous hydrochloric acid medium. Int J Modern Chem 6:87–95
Jain R, Shrivastava M (2008) Photocatalytic removal of hazardous dye cyanosine from industrial waste using titanium dioxide. J Hazard Mater 152:216–220
Khan SR, Saeed R, Ashfaq M, Masood S (2019) Photometric study of oxidation of ascorbic acid by methylene green in aqueous alcoholic system. J Chem Soc Pk 41:293–299
Kranti PK (2011) Kinetics and mechanism of oxidation of crystal violet by oxone. Der Chem Sin 2:245–249
Mohammed Y, Komolafe OA (2010) Investigations into the kinetics and mechanism of Cr (VI) oxidation of hexamethylpararosalinine chloride in aqeuous acidic medium. Oriental J Chem 26:373–377
Mohammed Y, Etonihu AC, Tsaku VA (2011) Hexamethylpararosalinine chloride (crystal violet) oxidation by chlorate ions in aqueous acidic medium: kinetic approach to the mechanism of reaction. Trakia J Sci 9:1–7
Muthakia GK, Jonnalagadda SB (1989) Uncatalyzed and vanadium(V)-catalyzed reaction of methylene blue with potassium bromate in aqueous sulfuric acid. J Phys Chem 93:4751–4756
Olajire AA, Olajjide A (2014) Kinetic study of decolorization of methylene blue with sodium sulphite in aqueous media: influence of transition metal ions. J Phys Chem Biophys 4:136
Samiey B, Ahmadi S (2013) Study of malachite green fading in water–ethanol–Ethylene glycol ternary mixtures. J Solut Chem 42:151–164
Samiey B, Toosi AR (2010) Kinetics of malachite green fading in alcohol–water binary mixtures. Int J Chem Kinet 42:508–518
Santus R, Kohen C, Kohen E, Reyftmann JP, Morliere P, Dubertret L, Tocci PM (1983) Permeation of lysosomal membranes in the course of photosensitization with methylene blue and hematoporphyrin: study by cellular microspectrofluorometry. Photochem Photobiol 38:71–77
Saquib M, Tariq MA, Haque MM, Muneer M (2008) Photocatalytic degradation of disperse blue 1 using UV/TiO2/H2O2 process. J Environ Manage 88:300–306
Zhang Y, Chen T, Zhao Y, Chen D, Zhou Y, Liu H (2019) Catalytic effect of siderite on H2O2 oxidation of carmine dye: Performance, mechanism and kinetics. Appl Geochem 106:26–33
Acknowledgement
Authors are grateful to Dean of Science, University of Karachi, for supporting this work.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding authors
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Ashfaq, M., Saeed, R., Khalid, Z. et al. Kinetics Study of Dye Decolorization by Oxidation in Aqueous and Aqueous Alcohol Medium. Iran J Sci Technol Trans Sci 45, 539–544 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40995-020-01021-z
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40995-020-01021-z