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Tomato yellow vein streak virus and Tomato golden vein virus: a reappraisal of the classification status of two South American Begomovirus species based upon genome–wide pairwise identity of multiple isolates

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Abstract

Tomato yellow vein streak virus (ToYVSV) and tomato golden vein virus (TGVV) are begomoviruses reported infecting tomatoes and other hosts across South America. However, their close phylogenetic relationship has generated uncertainties about their taxonomic status and nomenclature. In fact, genomic DNA–A identity levels of isolates reported with an identical virus name may range from 89–100%. In view of the potential inaccuracy regarding the classification status of these viruses (strains vs. distinct species), we carried out a comprehensive set of analyses employing all 45 available isolates with complete DNA–A sequences with either ToYVSV or TGVV designation. Two clear–cut clusters were identified and they were consistent with the current criteria for Begomovirus species demarcation. Moreover, our reappraisal confirmed a large array of misnamed isolates and recognized a distinctive set of virus species–specific genomic, biological, and ecological features. Hence, the present work gives support to the notion that these viruses are closely–related, but they are distinct and valid Begomovirus species. From the breeding standpoint, this information will be useful in guiding germplasm screening strategies searching for sources of large–spectrum resistance to isolates of both viruses.

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to thank Antonio Francisco Costa for their technical support in Sanger dideoxy sequencing.

Funding

This research was supported by grants, scholarships and post doc fellowships from Embrapa, FAP–DF, CAPES and CNPq.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Departamento de Fitopatologia, Universidade de Brasília (UnB), Brasília–DF, Brazil

    Luciane de Nazaré Almeida dos Reis, Leonardo S. Boiteux & Rita de Cássia Pereira–Carvalho

  2. National Center for Vegetable Crops Research (CNPH), Embrapa Vegetable Crops (Hortaliças), Brasília–DF, Brazil

    Leonardo S. Boiteux & Maria Esther N. Fonseca

Authors
  1. Luciane de Nazaré Almeida dos Reis
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  2. Leonardo S. Boiteux
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  3. Maria Esther N. Fonseca
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  4. Rita de Cássia Pereira–Carvalho
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Contributions

Luciane de Nazaré Almeida dos Reis (LNAR), Maria Esther de Noronha Fonseca (MENF), Leonardo Silva Boiteux (LSB), and Rita de Cássia Pereira–Carvalho (RCPC) conceived and designed the analyses; LSB and MENF performed DNA extractions, Sanger dideoxy sequencing and analyses; LNAR and RCPC performed the Lab bench experiments, sequencing and genome annotation of the novel TGVV isolates, and analyses of bioinformatics of the TGVV and ToYVSV; LNAR, RCPC, and LSB wrote the core of the manuscript.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Rita de Cássia Pereira–Carvalho.

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dos Reis, L.N.A., Boiteux, L.S., Fonseca, M.E.N. et al. Tomato yellow vein streak virus and Tomato golden vein virus: a reappraisal of the classification status of two South American Begomovirus species based upon genome–wide pairwise identity of multiple isolates. Virus Genes 57, 127–131 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11262-020-01810-z

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