Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Mechanical and Acoustic Properties of Alkali-Treated Sansevieria ehrenbergii/Camellia sinensis Fiber–Reinforced Hybrid Epoxy Composites: Incorporation of Glass Fiber Hybridization

  • Published:
Applied Composite Materials Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The intention behind this research work was to analyse the mechanical as well as acoustic behaviour of Sansevieria ehrenbergii (snake grass) / Camellia sinensis (waste tealeaf) fibers with glass fiber (GF) – reinforcement to form the hybrid epoxy composites. Fibers of S.ehrenbergii/C.sinensis were chemically modified for their effective usage as reinforcement in hybrid composites. Five combinations of hybrid composites were fabricated using hand-operated compression molding techniques by changing the percentage weight of snake grass fiber (SGF) and waste tea leaf fiber (WTLF). The results indicated that the mechanical behaviour of SGF/WTLF composites have been substantially enhanced by hybridization with GF. Enhanced mechanical behavior of hybrid composites is observed as an incremental percentage of SGF composition. The experimental findings show that the weight fraction of 25 wt.% WTLF reinforced with SGF shows a strong acoustic absorption coefficient (AAC) of 0.59 in the frequency range of 2000–6300 Hz as well introduces the potential for acoustic sound proofing applications, such as loudspeaker design, perforated panels, sound recording, and reproduction room. The morphological behavior of hybrid composites, such as fiber pullout, matrix crack, void formation, and interfacial bond between the binder and fibers were observed using a scanning electron microscope.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10
Fig. 11
Fig. 12
Fig. 13

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Karthi, N., Kumaresan, K., Sathish, S., Gokulkumar, S., Prabhu, L., Vigneshkumar, N.: An overview: natural fiber reinforced hybrid composites, chemical treatments and application areas. Mater. Today: Proc. 27(3), 2828–2834 (2020)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. Sanjay, M.R., Siengchin, S., Parameswaranpillai, J., Jawaid, M., Pruncu, C.I., Khan, A.: A comprehensive review of techniques for natural fibers as reinforcement in composites: preparation, processing and characterization. Carbohydr. Polym. 207, 108–121 (2019)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Sanjay, M.R., Madhu, P., Jawaid, M., Senthamaraikannan, P., Senthil, S., Pradeep, S.: Characterization and properties of natural fiber polymer composites: a comprehensive review. J. Clean. Prod. 172, 566–581 (2018)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Palanikumar, K., Ramesh, M., Hemachandra, R.K.: Experimental investigation on the mechanical properties of green hybrid sisal and glass fiber reinforced polymer composites. J. Nat. Fibers. 13(3), 321–331 (2016)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Sanjay, M.R., Arpitha, G.R., Senthamaraikannan, P., Kathiresan, M., Saibalaji, M.A., Yogesha, B.: The hybrid effect of jute/Kenaf/E-glass woven fabric epoxy composites for medium load applications: impact, inter-laminar strength, and failure surface characterization. J. Nat. Fibers. 16(4), 600–612 (2019)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Sathishkumar, T.P., Navaneethakrishnan, P., Shankar, S.: Tensile and flexural properties of snake grass natural fiber reinforced isophthallic polyester composites. Compos. Sci. Technol. 72(10), 1183–1190 (2012)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Sathishkumar, T.P., Navaneethakrishnan, P., Shankar, S., Kumar, J.: Mechanical properties of randomly oriented snake grass fiber with banana and coir fiber-reinforced hybrid composites. J. Compos. Mater. 47(18), 2181–2191 (2013)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Vinayagamoorthy, R.: A review on the polymeric laminates reinforced with natural fibers. J. Reinf. Plast. Compos. 36(21), 1577–1589 (2017)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Gokulkumar, S., Thyla, P.R., Prabhu, L., Sathish, S.: Measuring methods of acoustic properties and influence of physical parameters on natural fibers: a review. J. Nat. Fibers. 1–20 (2019)

  10. Peng, L., Song, B., Wang, J., Wang, D.: Mechanic and acoustic properties of the sound-absorbing material made from natural fiber and polyester. Adv. Mater. Sci. Eng. 1–5 (2015)

  11. Jayamani, E., Heng, S.K., bin Bakri, M.K., Hamdan, S.: Comparative study of sound absorption coefficients of coir/kenaf/sugarcane bagasse fiber reinforced epoxy composites. InKey Engineering Materials. Trans. Tech. Public. 730, 48–53 (2017)

  12. Ersoy, S., Küçük, H.: Investigation of industrial tea-leaf-fibre waste material for its sound absorption properties. Appl. Acoust. 70(1), 215–220 (2009)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Prabhu, L., Krishnaraj, V., Sathish, S., Sathyamoorthy, V.: Experimental and Finite Element Analysis of GFRP Composite Laminates with Combined Bolted and Bonded Joints. Indian J. Sci. Technol. 10(14), 1–7 (2017)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Sathishkumar, T.P., Navaneethakrishnan, P., Shankar, S., Rajasekar, R.: Characterization of new cellulose sansevieria ehrenbergii fibers for polymer composites. Composite Interfaces. 20(8), 575–593 (2013)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Gokulkumar, S., Thyla, P.R., Prabhu, L., Sathish, S.: Characterization and comparative analysis on mechanical and acoustical properties of camellia Sinensis/Ananas Comosus/glass Fiber hybrid polymer composites. J. Nat. Fibers. 2019, 1–7 (2019)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Mittal, V., Saini, R., Sinha, S.: Natural fiber -mediated epoxy composites – a review. Composites Part B. 99, 425–435 (2016)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Palanikumar, K., Ramesh, M., Hemachandra, R.K.: Experimental investigation on the mechanical properties of green hybrid sisal and glass fiber reinforced polymer composites. J. Nat. Fibers. 13(3), 321–331 (2016)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Prabhu, L., Krishnaraj, V., Sathish, S., GokulKumar, S., Karthi, N.: Study of mechanical and morphological properties of jute-tea leaf fiber reinforced hybrid composites: effect of glass fiber hybridization. Mater. Today: Proc. 27, 2372–2375 (2020)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. Asim, M., Jawaid, M., Khan, A., Asiri, A.M., Malik, M.A.: Effects of date palm fibres loading on mechanical, and thermal properties of date palm reinforced phenolic composites. J. Mater. Res. Technol. 9, 3614–3621 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmrt.2020.01.099

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. Prabhu, L., Krishnaraj, V., Gokulkumar, S., Sathish, S., Ramesh, M.: Mechanical, chemical and acoustical behavior of sisal–tea waste–glass Fiber reinforced epoxy based hybrid polymer composites. Mater. Today: Proc. 16, 653–660 (2019)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. Aruchamy, K., Subramani, S.P., Palaniappan, S.K., Sethuraman, B., Kaliyannan, G.V.: Study on mechanical characteristics of woven cotton/bamboo hybrid reinforced composite laminates. J. Mater. Res. Technol. 9(1), 718–726 (2020)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. Mohanta, N., Acharya, S.K.: Investigation of mechanical properties of luffa cylindrica fibre reinforced epoxy hybrid composite. Int. J. Eng. Sci. Technol. 7(1), 1–10 (2015)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. ASTM: C1050–10, Standard Test Method for Impedance and Absorption of Acoustical Materilas Using a Tube. Two Microphones and A Digital Frequency Analysis system, West Conshohocken (2010)

    Google Scholar 

  24. Sathish, S., Kumaresan, K., Prabhu, L., Vigneshkumar, N.: Experimental investigation on volume fraction of mechanical and physical properties of flax and bamboo fibers reinforced hybrid epoxy composites. Polym. Polym. Compos. 25(3), 229–236 (2017)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. Vinayagamoorthy, R., Rajeswari, N.: Mechanical performance studies on Vetiveria Zizanioides/jute/glass Fiber reinforced hybrid polymeric composites. J. Reinf. Plast. Compos. 33(1), 81–92 (2014)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  26. Patel, J., Ayyar, A., Peralta, P.: Kink band evolution in polymer matrix composites under bending: a digital image correlation study. J. Reinf. Plast. Compos. 39(21–22), 852–866 (2020)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. Budiansky, B., Fleck, N.A.: Compressive failure of fibre composites. J. Mech. Phys. Solids. 41(1), 183–211 (1993)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  28. Ahmed, K.S., Vijayarangan, S.: Tensile, flexural and interlaminar shear properties of woven jute and jute-glass fabric reinforced polyester composites. J. Mater. Process. Technol. 207(1–3), 330–335 (2008)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. Mouritz, A.P., Gallagher, J., Goodwin, A.A.: Flexural strength and interlaminar shear strength of stitched GRP laminates following repeated impacts. Compos. Sci. Technol. 57(5), 509–522 (1997)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  30. Sanjay, M.R., Yogesha, B.: Studies on natural/glass fiber reinforced polymer hybrid composites: an evolution. Mater. Today: Proc. 4(2), 2739–2747 (2017)

    Google Scholar 

  31. Pickering, K.L., Efendy, M.A., Le, T.M.: A review of recent developments in natural fibre composites and their mechanical performance. Compos. A: Appl. Sci. Manuf. 83, 98–112 (2016)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  32. Jayamani, E., Hamdan, S.: Sound absorption coefficients natural fibre reinforced composites. InAdvanced materials research. Trans. Tech. Public. Ltd. 701, 53–58 (2013)

  33. Huang, C.H., Lin, J.H., Lou, C.W., Tsai, Y.T.: The efficacy of coconut fibers on the sound-absorbing and thermal-insulating nonwoven composite board. Fibers Polym. 14(8), 1378–1385 (2013)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  34. Prabhu, L., Krishnaraj, V., Gokulkumar, S., Sathish, S., Sanjay, M.R., Siengchin, S.: Mechanical, chemical and sound absorption properties of glass/kenaf/waste tea leaf fiber-reinforced hybrid epoxy composites. J. Ind. Text. 17, 1528083720957392 (2020)

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, KPR Institute of Engineering and Technology, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, 641407, India

    L. Prabhu, S. Sathish & S. Gokulkumar

  2. Department of Production Engineering, PSG College of Technology, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, 641004, India

    V. Krishnaraj

  3. Natural Composites Research Group Lab, King Mongkut’s University of Technology North Bangkok, Bangkok, Thailand

    M. R. Sanjay & S. Siengchin

Authors
  1. L. Prabhu
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. V. Krishnaraj
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. S. Sathish
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. S. Gokulkumar
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. M. R. Sanjay
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. S. Siengchin
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to L. Prabhu.

Additional information

Publisher’s Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Prabhu, L., Krishnaraj, V., Sathish, S. et al. Mechanical and Acoustic Properties of Alkali-Treated Sansevieria ehrenbergii/Camellia sinensis Fiber–Reinforced Hybrid Epoxy Composites: Incorporation of Glass Fiber Hybridization. Appl Compos Mater 27, 915–933 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10443-020-09840-4

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10443-020-09840-4

Keywords

Search

Navigation