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A novel AFNCS algorithm for super-resolution SAR in curve trajectory

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Abstract

With the improvement of SAR resolution, super-resolution SAR imaging is more and more widely used in the all-time and all-weather video surveillance and remote sensing imaging. One implementation of super-resolution SAR is that radar works in the spotlight mode. In the case with highly squinted angle and acceleration, the azimuth space variance and the coupling between range and azimuth will become serious in super-resolution imaging. Thus, an azimuth frequency nonlinear chirp scaling algorithm is proposed to solve this problem. Based on the acceleration model, the accurate 2-D spectrum is performed by adopting the method of series reversion. The space-variance of missile-borne SAR in curved flight path is analyzed and an azimuth polynomial phase filter is constructed to make the coefficients of the perturbation function has sufficient flexibility to eliminate the spatial-variant couple terms between range and azimuth. In addition, the gradient operation is used to expand the space-variant coefficients of azimuth modulation term, and the perturbation function is applied to eliminate the space-variant in azimuth direction. The proposed focusing method can process the missile-borne SAR data obtained in spotlight mode in highly squinted angle with high efficiency. The simulation results verify the effectiveness of the proposed imaging approach. The integration of the research in this paper and the deep learning will further pave the way of super-resolution SAR imaging applications in disaster monitoring, security and surveillance.

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Funding

This research was funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (62071359), China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2016M602770), Scientific Research Program Funded by Shaanxi Provincial Education Department (19JK0673), Natural Science Basic Research Plan in Shaanxi Province of China (2019JQ-405), Postdoctoral Science Foundation in Shaanxi Province and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (XJS190209).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Electronic Engineering, Xidian University, Xi’an, 710071, China

    Tan Qu & Jiaji Wu

  2. School of Computer Science, Xi’an Shiyou University, Xi’an, 710065, China

    Yan Zhang

Authors
  1. Tan Qu
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  2. Yan Zhang
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  3. Jiaji Wu
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Contributions

TQ and YZ performed conceptualization; methodology and also involved in writing—original draft preparation; writing—review and editing. YZ was involved in validation and formal analysis.

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Correspondence to Yan Zhang.

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Qu, T., Zhang, Y. & Wu, J. A novel AFNCS algorithm for super-resolution SAR in curve trajectory. Multimedia Systems 27, 837–844 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00530-020-00715-z

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