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An approach for retrieving complete three-dimensional ground displacement components from two parallel-track InSAR measurements

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Abstract

In the investigation and evaluation of geological hazards such as those caused by co-seismic displacement, displacement due to underground mining, landslides, volcanic eruptions, it is important to retrieve the complete three-dimensional ground displacement components. However, both conventional D-InSAR (differential synthetic aperture radar interferometry) and MT-InSAR (multi-temporal InSAR) can only measure the displacement component along the radar LOS (line of sight) direction, which greatly limits the application of InSAR technique. Over the past decades, great endeavors have been made to overcome its limitation of the one-dimensional LOS measurements, and several methods have been proposed to retrieve complete three-dimensional displacement components from InSAR measurements. On the whole, the commonality of the existing methods is characterized by using both ascending and descending SAR data. In this paper, we put forward an approach for retrieving complete three-dimensional ground displacement components from two parallel-track InSAR measurements and present the analytical expressions for the vertical, the North–South, the East–West displacement components. It reveals that the vertical displacement component is just a function of the two parallel-track InSAR LOS displacements, i.e., the vertical displacement component can be retrieved from the two parallel-track InSAR LOS displacements, while the North–South or the East–West displacement component is a function of both the two parallel-track InSAR LOS displacements and the azimuthal displacement. What is more, the proposed approach can effectively improve the accuracy of the azimuthal measurement by using a redundant measurement. As a result, the accuracies of the derived North–South and East–West displacement components are improved as well, which can provide more reliable results for characterizing ground movement associated with geological hazards. In terms of their geographic coverage, there is a strong complementary relationship between the proposed approach and the existing methods. Thus, they can be integratedly utilized in the practical applications. Finally, the approach is illustrated through the retrieval of the complete three-dimensional co-seismic displacement components in an area to the west of Bam, Iran, where a strong earthquake occurred in 2003.

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Data availability

The SRTM DEM data analyzed during the current study are available from ftp://e0srp01u.ecs.nasa.gov/srtm/version2/SRTM3/. The datasets generated during and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

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Acknowledgements

We are very grateful to the anonymous reviewers for the constructive comments and suggestions. We also would like to express the gratitude to European Space Agency and NASA for, respectively, providing ENVISAT-1 ASAR and the SRTM DEM data. This research work was jointly supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Beijing under Grant [No.8142009] and National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant [No. 41671417].

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Resource, Environment and Tourism, Capital Normal University, Beijing, 100048, China

    Zhanqiang Chang, Yanqiao Wang, Shujun Qian, Wei Wang, Xiaomeng Liu & Jie Yu

  2. Key Lab. of 3D Information Acquisition of Education, Ministry of China, Beijing, 100048, China

    Zhanqiang Chang, Yanqiao Wang, Shujun Qian, Xiaomeng Liu & Jie Yu

  3. China Earthquake Networks Center, Beijing, 100045, China

    Jie Zhu

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  1. Zhanqiang Chang
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  2. Yanqiao Wang
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  5. Wei Wang
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Contributions

Zhanqiang Chang designed the research, derived the equations, interpreted the results and wrote the paper; Yanqiao Wang, Shujun Qian, Jie Zhu and Wei Wang performed the research, made the experiments and analyzed the data; Xiaomeng Liu and Jie Yu analyzed the data, interpreted the results and did the map-making work.

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Correspondence to Zhanqiang Chang.

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Chang, Z., Wang, Y., Qian, S. et al. An approach for retrieving complete three-dimensional ground displacement components from two parallel-track InSAR measurements. J Geod 94, 111 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00190-020-01425-0

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