Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Theoretical Basics and Technology of Smelting Steel Semiproduct in Basic Oxygen Furnaces and Electric Arc Furnaces under Magnesian Slags

  • Published:
Steel in Translation Aims and scope

Abstract

The results of basic studies of the physicochemical properties of slags are used as the basis for developing the rational composition of main magnesian slags and the process techniques for their formation by the periods of blowing a basic oxygen furnace (BOF) bath and the periods of smelting in electric arc furnaces (EAFs). The record-breaking durability of furnace linings is ensured by implementing, in the furnace shop of OJSC EVRAZ NTMK, the developed set of process techniques of forming magnesian slags in the main period of blowing and a wear-resistant skull based on the final magnesian slags. These slags produce a low aggressive effect on the lining of furnaces, while maintaining high refining properties. The furnaces’ lining durability exceeds 7000 heats; that said, the high process and key performance indicators of the process are maintained. The treatment of low manganese cast irons in the 350-ton heavy furnaces of OJSC EVRAZ ZSMK under magnesian slags allows studying the features of slag formation and changes in the chemical composition of the slag by the BOF bath blowing periods. In the course of treating phosphorous cast irons in the 300-ton BOFs at JSC ArcelorMittal Temirtau, a set of process techniques is developed for forming the magnesian slags of the recommended chemical composition by the periods of phosphorus cast iron blowing and wear-resistant skulls based on moderate-basicity final magnesian slags. The implementation of the developed process techniques ensures the lining stability of BOFs for more than 5000 heatings while maintaining the high process parameters and key performance indicators of the phosphorous treatment phase. The technology of forming rationally composed magnesian slags by the periods of smelting in EAF-135 is developed in the EAF shop of PJSC Seversky Pipe Plant. The adoption of the technology ensures the record-breaking resistance of the refractory lining of the furnace for up to 1900 heats per campaign and the high process parameters and key performance indicators of the process.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

REFERENCES

  1. Protopopov, E.V., Kuznetsov, S.N., Feiler, S.V., et al., Production of converter steel: state, dominant trends, forecasts, Trudy XX Mezhdunarodnoi nauchno-prakticheskoi konferentsii “Metallurgiya: tekhnologii, innovatsii, kachestvo” (Proc. XX Int. Sci.-Pract. Conf. “Metallurgy: Technology, Innovations, and Quality”), Protopopov, E.V., Ed., Novokuznetsk: Sib. Gos. Ind. Univ., 2017, vol. 2, part 2, pp. 4–9.

  2. Kalisz, D., Sinelnikov, V.O., and Kuglin, K., Investigation of the physicochemical properties of slag splashed on the lining of an oxygen converter, Refract. Ind. Ceram., 2018, vol. 58, no. 30, pp. 463–468.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Leonard, R.J. and Herron, R.H., Dolomite additions required to saturate BOF slags with MgO, Proc. 60th National Open Hearth and Basic Oxygen Steel Conf., New York: Am. Inst. Min., Metall., Petrol. Eng., 1977, vol. 60, pp. 127–133.

  4. Panteikov, S.P., Analysis of world development and current state of the technology of slagging of BOF lining, Chern. Metall., Byull. Nauchno-Tekh. Ekon. Inf., 2013, no. 6, pp. 65–78.

  5. Klages, G. and Schulz, E., Entwicklung der Êonverter haltbarkeit in den Stahlwerken der Thyssen Stahl AG nach Einfuehrung des TBM-Verfahrens, Thyssen Tech. Ber., 1984, vol. 16, no. 2, pp. 103–108.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Sian, C., Wenyuan, Y., and Congjle, Z., Slag splashing for Baosteel’s 300-metric ton BOF and crystallographic structure of its slag, Iron Steelmaker, 2000, vol. 27, no. 7, pp. 39–41.

    Google Scholar 

  7. Deo, B., Halder, J., Snoeijer, B., Overbosch, A., and Boom, R., Effect of MgO and Al2O3 variations in oxygen steelmaking (BOF) slag in slag morphology and phosphorus distribution, Ironmaking Steelmaking, 2005, vol. 32, no. 1, pp. 54–60.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Martino, M., Fenu, M., and Anfosso, A., Refractory lining for oxygen converters: recent experiences in this field, Proc. 5th European Steelmaking Conf., June 26–28,2006, Aachen, Germany, Düsseldorf: Stahleisen, 2006, pp. 229–233.

  9. Mills, K.C., Su, Y., Fox, A.B., Li, Z., Thackray, R.P., and Tsai, H.T., A review of slag splashing, ISIJ Int., 2005, vol. 45, no. 5, pp. 619–633.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Khoroshavin, L.B., Perepelitsyn, V.A., and Kononov, V.A., Magnezial’nye ogneupory. Spravochnik (Magnesian Refractories: Handbook), Moscow: Intermet Inzhiniring, 2001.

  11. Shalimov, A.G., Formation of foamed slag in EAF, Elektrometallurgiya, 2013, no. 9, pp. 8–13.

  12. Luz, A.P., Ávila, T.A., Bonadia, P., and Pandolfelli, V.C., Slag foaming: fundamentals, experimental evaluation and application in the steelmaking industry, Refract. Worldforum, 2011, vol. 3, no. 2, pp. 91–98.

    Google Scholar 

  13. Kozhukhov, A.A., Fedina, V.V., and Merker, E.E., Study of the foaming of steelmaking slag and its effect on the thermal performance of an electric-arc furnace, Metallurgist, 2012, vol. 56, nos. 3–4, pp. 169–172.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Sanford, D., Garside, B., Schonewille, C., and Mill, T., EAF refractory performance at pacific steel, Iron Steel Technol., 2004, vol. 1, no. 8, pp. 48–55.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Obst, K.Kh., Shtradtman, Yu., and Reder, M., Effect of addition of natural and synthetic fluxes on lime dissolution, Chern. Met., 1978, no. 6, pp. 834–841.

  16. Ito, K. and Fruehan, R.J., Study on the foaming of CaO–SiO2–FeO slags: Part I. Foaming parameters and experimental results, Metall. Trans. B., 1989, vol. 20, no. 4, pp. 509–514.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Gonzalez, Î.J.P., et al., Effect of arc length on fluid flow and mixing phenomena in AC electric arc furnaces, ISIJ Int., 2010, vol. 50, no. 1, pp. 1–8.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Babenko, A.A., Fomichev, M.S., Krivykh, L.Yu., et al., Smelting steel from semiprocessed carbon hot metal under magnesia slag in 160-t converters, Steel Transl., 2010, vol. 40, no. 8, pp. 733–736.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Amelin, A.V., Protopopov, E.V., Kalinogorskii, A.N., and Feiler, S.V., Formation of magnesia-slag coatings on the lining of large converters, Steel Transl., 2014, vol. 44, no. 7, pp. 513–516.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Babenko, A.A. and Smirnov, L.A., Teoriya i tekhnologiya peredela fosforistykh chugunov v kislorodnykh konverterakh (Theory and Technology of Smelting Phosphorous Cast Irons in BOF), Novosibirsk: Akademizdat, 2018.

  21. Ushakov, M.V., Babenko, A.A., Murzin, A.V., Kuzyakin, V.G., and Shartdinov, R.R., Theoretical and technological features of smelting semi-product in EAF under magnesian slag, Trudy XV Mezhdunarodnogo kongressa staleplavil’shchikov i proizvoditelei metalla (Proc. XV Int. Congr. of Steelmakers and Metal Producers), Moscow: RPK PrintAP, 2018, pp. 142–148.

Download references

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

We thank S.A. Remigo, V.V. Levchuk, A.A. Dobromilov, H.S. Kutdusova, K.N. Demidov, T.V. Borisova, A.V. Murzin, and M.V. Ushakov for their participation in the study.

Funding

This study was performed according to a State order to the Institute of Metallurgy, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Metallurgy, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 620016, Yekaterinburg, Russia

    A. A. Babenko, L. A. Smirnov & L. Yu. Mikhailova

  2. OAO Ural Institute of Metals, 620062, Yekaterinburg, Russia

    L. A. Smirnov

  3. Siberian State Industrial University, 654007, Novokuznetsk, Kemerovo oblast, Russia

    E. V. Protopopov

Authors
  1. A. A. Babenko
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. L. A. Smirnov
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. E. V. Protopopov
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. L. Yu. Mikhailova
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding authors

Correspondence to A. A. Babenko, L. A. Smirnov or L. Yu. Mikhailova.

Additional information

Translated by S. Kuznetsov

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Babenko, A.A., Smirnov, L.A., Protopopov, E.V. et al. Theoretical Basics and Technology of Smelting Steel Semiproduct in Basic Oxygen Furnaces and Electric Arc Furnaces under Magnesian Slags. Steel Transl. 50, 427–433 (2020). https://doi.org/10.3103/S0967091220070025

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.3103/S0967091220070025

Keywords:

Search

Navigation