Abstract
The aim of this work was to assess the influence of pH and temperature of bath plating on the performance of Ni-Cu/Cr2O3 nanocomposite coatings in a corrosive environment. For this purpose, Ni-Cu/Cr2O3 nanocomposite coatings were successfully carried out on the carbon steel by co-electrodeposition method from an aqueous composing of H2O, NiSO4, NiCl, CuSO4, Na3C6H5O7, and H3BO3 with and without 6 g/L Cr2O3 nanoparticles. The microstructure of samples was studied by x-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy, and corrosion behavior of the coatings was assessed by potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) in the 3.5% NaCl solution. It was observed that by increasing the bath pH from 3 to 7 the corrosion current density (icorr) determined by Tafel extrapolation method was changed from 7.4 to 12.5 µA/cm2 and that polarization resistance (RP) obtained from EIS measurements was decreased from 850 to 452 Ω·cm2. The values of icorr and RP were changed from 11.2 µA/cm2 and 514 Ω·cm2 to 6.1 µA/cm2 and 1265 Ω·cm2, respectively, as the bath temperature was varied from 25 to 45 °C. Compared to the Ni-Cu nanocrystalline coating, the value of Rp showed more than 324% improvement when co-electrodeposition of Ni, Cu, and Cr2O3 was carried out at a temperature of 45 °C and pH value of 4.5.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
A.W. Batchelor, L.N. Lam, and M. Chandrasekaran, Materials Degradation and Its Control by Surface Engineering, Imperial College Press, 2011
R. Orniakova, A. Turonova, D. Kladekova, M. Galova, and R.M. Smith, Recent Developments in the Electrodeposition of Nickel and Some Nickel-Based Alloys, J. Appl. Electrochem., 2006, 36, p 957–972. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10800-006-9162-7
P. Nath, D.K. Sahu, and A. Mallik, Physicochemical and Corrosion Properties of Sono-Electrodeposited Cu-Ni Thin Films, Surf. Coat. Technol., 2016, 307, p 772–780. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.surfcoat.2016.09.085
Z. Mahidashti, M. Aliofkhazraei, and N. Lotfi, Review of Nickel-Based Electrodeposited Tribo-Coatings, Trans. Indian. Inst. Met., 2018, 71, p 257–295. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12666-017-1175-x
V.B. Singh and D.K. Singh, An Overview on the Preparation, Characterization and Properties of Electrodeposited-Metal Matrix Nanocomposites, Nanosci. Technol., 2014, 1, p 1–20. https://doi.org/10.15226/2374-8141/1/3/00120
C.R. Thurber, A.M.A. Mohamed, and T.D. Golden, Electrodeposition of Cu–Ni Composite Coatings, Electrodeposition of Composite Materials, A.M.A. Mohamed and T.D. Golden, 2016, BoD—Books on Demand, p 83–103
J. Jiang, C. Feng, W. Qian, L. Yu, F. Ye, Q. Zhong, and S. Han, Preparation and Investigation of Electrodeposited Ni-Nano-Cr2O3 Composite Coatings, Surf. Rev. Lett., 2016, 23, p 1550111. https://doi.org/10.1142/S0218625X15501115
A. Rasooli, M.S. Safavi, and M. Kasbkar Hokmabad, Cr2O3 Nanoparticles: A Promising Candidate to Improve the Mechanical Properties and Corrosion Resistance of Ni-Co Alloy Coatings, Ceram. Inter., 2018, 44, p 6466–6473. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ceramint.2018.01.044
M. Srivastava, J.N. Balaraju, B. Ravishankar, and K.S. Rajam, Improvement in the Properties of Nickel by Nano-Cr2O3 Incorporation, Surf. Coat. Technol., 2010, 205, p 66–75. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.surfcoat.2010.06.004
W. Xiong, M. Ma, J. Zhang, and Y. Lian, The Effects of Cr2O3 Particles on the Microstructure and Wear-Resistant Properties of Electrodeposited CoNiP Coatings, Surf. Coat. Technol., 2020, 381, p 125167. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.surfcoat.2019.125167
B.D. Cullity and S.R. Stock, Elements of X-Ray Diffraction, Pearson New International Edition, Pearson Education Limited, 2014
S.C. Tjong and H. Chen, Nanocrystalline Materials and Coatings, Mater. Sci. Eng. R., 2004, 45, p 1–88. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mser.2004.07.001
V.F. Lvovich, Impedance Spectroscopy Applications to Electrochemical and Dielectric Phenomena, John Wiley & Sons, 2012
M. Alizadeh and H. Safaei, Characterization of Ni-Cu Matrix, Al2O3 Reinforced Nano-Composite Coatings Prepared by Electrodeposition, Appl. Surf. Sci., 2018, 456, p 195–203. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2018.06.095
M. Haciismailogl and M. Alper, Effect of Electrolyte pH and Cu Concentration on Microstructure of electRodeposited Ni-Cu Alloy Films, Surf. Coat. Technol., 2011, 206, p 1430–1438. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.surfcoat.2011.09.010
S.M. Silaimani, G. Vivekanandan, and P. Veeramani, Nano-Nickel–Copper Alloy Deposit for Improved Corrosion Resistance in Marine Environment, Int. J. Environ. Sci. Technol., 2015, 12, p 2299–2306. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13762-014-0591-2
M.G. Fontana, Corrosion Engineering, 3rd ed. Mc Graw Hill India, 2017
Z. Abdel Hamid, A.Y. El-Etre, and M. Fareed, Performance of Ni–Cu–ZrO2 Nanocomposite Coatings Fabricated by Electrodeposition Technique, Anti-Corr. Meth. Mater., 2017, 64, p 315–325. https://doi.org/10.1108/ACMM-05-2016-1672
M.S. Safavi, M. Fathi, S. Mirzazadeh, A. Ansarian, and I. Ahadzadeh, Perspectives in Corrosion-Performance of Ni–Cu Coatings by Adding Y2O3 Nanoparticles, Surf. Eng., 2020, https://doi.org/10.1080/02670844.2020.1715543
E. McCafferty, Introduction to Corrosion Science, Springer, New York, 2010
J.R. Macdonald and W.B. Johnson, Fundamentals of Impedance Spectroscopy, Impedance Spectroscopy: Theory, Experiment, and Applications, 2th Ed., E, Barsoukov and J.R. Macdonald, John Wiley & Sons, 2005, p 1–26
S. Mohan and N. Rajasekaran, Influence of Electrolyte pH on Composition of Corrosion Properties and Surface Morphology of Electrodeposited Cu–Ni Alloy, Surf. Eng., 2011, 27, p 519–523. https://doi.org/10.1179/026708410X12786785573472
S. Wang, X. Guo, H. Yang, J. Dai, R. Zhu, J. Gong, L. Peng, and W. Ding, Electrodeposition Mechanism and Characterization of Ni-Cu Alloy Coatings from a Eutectic-Based Ionic Liquid, Appl. Surf. Sci., 2014, 288, p 530–536. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2013.10.065
L. Liu, Y. Li, and F. Wang, Electrochemical Corrosion Behavior of Nanocrystalline Materials—A Review, J. Mater. Sci. Technol., 2010, 26, p 1–14. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1005-0302(10)60001-1
Acknowledgments
The authors appreciate the Razi University for helpful support of this project.
Funding
This research did not receive any specific grant from funding agencies in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Conflict of interest
On behalf of all authors, I state that there is no conflict of interest.
Additional information
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Taherimanesh, A., Rashidi, A.M. & Zangeneh, S. The Effect of Bath pH and Temperature on the Corrosion Behavior of Co-Electrodeposited Ni-Cu/Cr2O3 Nanocomposite Coatings. J. of Materi Eng and Perform 29, 7863–7871 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11665-020-05301-y
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11665-020-05301-y