Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide can both exert a toxic effect and function as a signaling molecule in various physiological processes. Under conditions of experimental short-term hydrogen sulfide loading (HSL), activities of oxidoreductases (enzymes of energy metabolism and antioxidant defense)—malate dehydrogenase (MDH, 1.1.1.37), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH, 1.1.1.27) and catalase (1.11.1.6) were analyzed in oxyphilic tissues (brain, heart, gills) of the Black Sea sea ruff Scorpaena porcus Linnaeus, 1758. Two groups of fish were exposed for 5 min to different concentrations of sodium sulfide (37 and 75 µM Na2S) used as a hydrogen sulfide donor. High MDH and LDH activities were simultaneously detected in the brain structures and heart chambers, reflecting a similar potential of energy metabolism in these tissues, while enhanced LDH activity in the brain indicated anaerobization of the energy metabolism pathways. Differences in oxydoreductase activities were found between the first and fourth branchial arches, heart atrium and ventricle, as well as between different brain compartments. Under HSL, the gills exhibited some signs of hypoxemia (increasing darkening of the lamellae as the Na2S concentration moved upward) and metabolic depression. At a low Na2S concentration, HSL did not cause significant changes in oxidoreductase activities in the brain and heart, while upon a 2-fold increase in the Na2S concentration these changes became more pronounced. In the key oxyphilic structures (anterior brain compartments, heart ventricle) intense HSL led to a simultaneous increase in LDH and MDH activities, which was due to the ability of MDH to participate in anaerobic processes. The less O2-sensitive structures (medulla oblongata and heart atrium) exhibited almost no changes in MDH and LDH activities even in response to high-intensity HSL, suggesting a different mode of energy metabolism in these tissues. Under intense HSL, the oxidoreductases in the heart ventricles and anterior brain compartments demonstrated responses, which were similar to those under hypoxia/anoxia.
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This study was carried out within the state assignment (reg. nos. АААА-А18-118021490093-4 and АААА-А18-118020790229-7) and supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (grant no. 20-04-00037). The authors are sincerely grateful to N.I. Bobko (Aquaculture and Marine Pharmacology Division, А.O. Kovalevsky Institute of Biology of the Southern Seas, Russian Academy of Sciences, Sevastopol) for his assistance in the implementation of this work.
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All experimental procedures were carried out in compliance with the Russian Federation Laws on veterinary medicine and animal protection.
This study did not involve human subjects as research objects.
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Kolesnikova, E.E., Golovina, I.V. Oxidoreductase Activities in Oxyphilic Tissues of the Black Sea Ruff Scorpaena porcus under Short-term Hydrogen Sulfide Loading. J Evol Biochem Phys 56, 459–470 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1134/S0022093020050099
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S0022093020050099