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A recent trend: application of graphene in catalysis

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Abstract

Graphene, an allotrope of carbon in 2D structure, has revolutionised research, development and application in various disciplines since its successful isolation 16 years ago. The single layer of sp2-hybridised carbon atoms brings with it a string of unrivalled characteristics at a fraction of the price of its competitors, including platinum, gold and silver. More recently, there has been a growing trend in the application of graphene in catalysis, either as metal-free catalysts, composite catalysts or as catalyst supports. The unique and extraordinary properties of graphene have rendered it useful in increasing the reactivity and selectivity of some reactions. Owing to its large surface area, outstanding adsorptivity and high compatibility with various functional groups, graphene is able to provide a whole new level of possibilities and flexibilities to design and synthesise fit-for-purpose graphene-based catalysts for specific applications. This review is focussed on the progress, mechanisms and challenges of graphene application in four main reactions, i.e., oxygen reduction reaction, water splitting, water treatment and Fischer–Tropsch synthesis. This review also summarises the advantages and drawbacks of graphene over other commonly used catalysts. Given the inherent nature of graphene, coupled with its recent accelerated advancement in the synthesis and modification processes, it is anticipated that the application of graphene in catalysis will grow exponentially from its current stage of infancy.

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Acknowledgements

The authors gratefully express gratitude to all parties who have contributed towards the success of this project, both financially and technically, especially the S&T Innovation 2025 Major Special Programme (Grant number 2018B10022) and the Ningbo Natural Science Foundation Programme (Grant number 2018A610069) funded by the Ningbo Science and Technology Bureau, China, as well as the UNNC FoSE Faculty Inspiration Grant, China (PCH2020). The Zhejiang Provincial Department of Science and Technology is also acknowledged for this research under its Provincial Key Laboratory Programme (2020E10018).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham Ningbo China, Ningbo, 315100, People’s Republic of China

    Yuxin Yan, Hao Chen, Shar-Mun Lee, Svenja Hanson & Cheng Heng Pang

  2. Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia, 43500, Semenyih, Selangor, Malaysia

    Woo In Shin & Sivakumar Manickam

  3. MITMECHE, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA

    Haitao Zhao

  4. Faculty of Engineering, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK

    Edward Lester

  5. Ningbo New Materials Institute, University of Nottingham, Ningbo, Ningbo, 315042, People’s Republic of China

    Tao Wu

  6. Key Laboratory for Carbonaceous Wastes Processing and Process Intensification Research of Zhejiang Province, The University of Nottingham Ningbo China, Ningbo, 315100, People’s Republic of China

    Tao Wu & Cheng Heng Pang

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  1. Yuxin Yan
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Yan, Y., Shin, W.I., Chen, H. et al. A recent trend: application of graphene in catalysis. Carbon Lett. 31, 177–199 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s42823-020-00200-7

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