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Occurrence of dioxin-like POPs in soils from urban green space in a metropolis, North China: implication to human exposure

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Abstract

Urban green space is a special space for urban life and natural contact and has an important impact on human health. However, little information is available on dioxin-like persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in the soils from the specific areas. We measured the concentrations of polychlorinated naphthalenes (PCNs), polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs), and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in the soils from urban green space in a metropolis, North China, and found total concentrations of PCDD/Fs, PCBs, and PCNs in the range of 11.5–91.4, 14.7–444, and 82.5–848 pg/g, respectively. It was worth to notice that the concentrations of PCDD/Fs in public park soil from urban center were significantly higher than those in the road greenbelts and resident lawns (Kruskal-Wallis test, p = 0.004). The source analysis indicated that sewage sludge from wastewater treatment plants were important sources of PCNs and PCDD/Fs in urban green land soils, and atmospheric deposition from municipal solid waste incinerator (MSWI) also play an important role in PCDD/F sources. The rough exposure risk evaluation showed that the residents were at a safe level with the daily doses being 0.172–3.144 fg/kg BW/day for children and 0.022–0.406 fg/kg BW/day for adult. Due to the complex and variable sources of PCDD/Fs in urban areas, dioxin-like POPs in urban green land should be given more attention to weaken human exposure.

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Availability of data and materials

The dataset used and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

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Acknowledgments

We appreciated Prof. Zhenwu Tang for suggestion on drafting the manuscript.

Funding

This research was funded by the Beijing Natural Science Foundation (8182021), the Research Foundation of Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences (KJCX20180407), National Key Research and Development Program of China (2017YFD0801404), and the Open Fund of The State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology (KF2018-06).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Beijing Research Center for Agricultural Standards and Testing, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, 100097, China

    Qingqi Die, Anxiang Lu, Cheng Li, Haifeng Li, Hongling Kong & Bingru Li

  2. Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Agriculture Environment Monitoring, Beijing, 100097, China

    Qingqi Die, Anxiang Lu, Cheng Li, Haifeng Li, Hongling Kong & Bingru Li

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  1. Qingqi Die
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  2. Anxiang Lu
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  3. Cheng Li
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  4. Haifeng Li
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  6. Bingru Li
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Contributions

Qingqi Die and Cheng Li jointly initiated and designed the study. Haifeng Li, Hongling Kong, and Bingru Li jointly collected the samples and carried out chemical analysis. Qingqi Die drafted the manuscript with assist from Anxiang Lu and Cheng Li. Qingqi Die revised and completed the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Cheng Li.

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Die, Q., Lu, A., Li, C. et al. Occurrence of dioxin-like POPs in soils from urban green space in a metropolis, North China: implication to human exposure. Environ Sci Pollut Res 28, 5587–5597 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-020-10953-3

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