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Fifty years of history of the Karst Commission of the International Association of Hydrogeologists

50 ans d’histoire de la Commission Karst de l’Association Internationale des hydrogéologues

Cincuenta años de historia de la Comisión de Karst de la Asociación Internacional de Hidrogeólogos

国际水文地质学家协会喀斯特委员会50年的历史

Cinquenta anos de história da Comissão Internacional de Carste da Associação Internacional de Hidrogeólogos

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Abstract

The Commission on Karst Hydrogeology, also known as the Karst Commission (KC), was founded in 1970 in Neuchâtel, Switzerland, and it is an important part of the International Association of Hydrogeologists (IAH). The general idea was to organise a group of hydrogeologists from different countries, with relevant experience in karst hydrogeology, to promote cooperation among scientists interested in karst topics, exchange experiences and, particularly, create an optimal strategy for groundwater resources development. From foundation until today, more than 40 formal meetings and many informal KC gatherings (including field trips) have been convened in different karst regions, and a number of papers and books have been published by KC members. The first publication in the IAH book series International Contributions to Hydrogeology (the “blue books”) was on the subject of karst, presenting the experiences gleaned from a number of development projects from various karst regions, as well as bibliographic data on karst research of the time. Today, the KC is one of the most active IAH groups, with 70 permanent members from 6 continents and many young researchers, whose work is supported by funding and regular awards. The KC members have led or have been involved in many projects run with international cooperation. The two largest, completed in the course of the past decade, are the World Karst Aquifer Map (WOKAM) and the Dinaric Karst Transboundary Aquifer System (DIKTAS) projects. This paper summarizes the history of the KC to date.

Résumé

La Commission de l’Hydrogéologie du Karst, aussi connue sous le nom de Commission Karst (CK), a été fondée en 1970 à Neuchâtel en Suisse, et joue un rôle important au sein de l’Association Internationale des Hydrogéologues (AIH). L’idée générale était d’organiser un groupe d’hydrogéologues de différents pays, avec une expérience pertinente en hydrogéologie karstique, afin de promouvoir une coopération au sein des scientifiques intéressés par les sujets karstiques, d’échanger des expériences et, en particulier, de créer une stratégie optimale pour l’exploitation des ressources en eaux souterraines. Dès sa création jusqu’à aujourd’hui, plus de 40 réunions formelles et de nombreuses rencontres informelles de la CK (y compris des excursions) ont été organisées dans différentes régions karstiques, et un certain nombre d’articles et de livres ont été publiés par les membres de la CK. La première publication dans la série Contributions internationales pour l’Hydrogéologie (les “livres bleues”) de livres de l’AIH traitait du sujet du karst, présentant les expériences tirées d’un certain nombre de projets d’exploitation de différentes régions karstiques, ainsi que des données bibliographiques sur la recherche karstique de l’époque. Aujourd’hui, la CK est. un des plus actifs des groups de l’AIH, avec 70 membres permanents des 6 continents et de nombreux jeunes chercheurs, dont le travail est. soutenu par des financements et régulièrement récompensé. Les membres de la CK ont conduit ou sont impliqués dans de nombreux projets réalisés avec la coopération internationale. Les deux plus importants, réalisés au cours de la dernière décennie, sont les projets de la carte des aquifères karstiques à l’échelle mondiale (WOKAM) et du système aquifère transfrontalier du Karst Dinarique (DIKTAS). Cet article résume l’histoire de la CK à ce jour.

Resumen

La Comisión de Hidrogeología Kárstica, también conocida como la Comisión Kárstica (KC), fue fundada en 1970 en Neuchâtel (Suiza) y es una parte importante de la Asociación Internacional de Hidrogeólogos (IAH). La idea general era organizar un grupo de hidrogeólogos de diferentes países, con experiencia pertinente en hidrogeología kárstica, para promover la cooperación entre los científicos interesados en los temas kársticos, intercambiar experiencias y, en particular, crear una estrategia óptima para el desarrollo de los recursos de aguas subterráneas. Desde su fundación hasta hoy, se han celebrado más de 40 reuniones oficiales y muchas reuniones informales del KC (incluidos viajes de estudio) en diferentes regiones kársticas, y los miembros del KC han publicado varios documentos y libros. La primera publicación de la serie de libros de la International Contributions to Hydrogeology (los “libros azules”) trató sobre el tema del karst, presentando las experiencias recogidas de varios proyectos de desarrollo de diversas regiones kársticas, así como datos bibliográficos sobre las investigaciones kársticas de la época. Hoy en día, el KC es uno de los grupos más activos de la IAH, con 70 miembros permanentes de los 6 continentes y muchos jóvenes investigadores, cuya labor cuenta con el apoyo de financiación y premios regulares. Los miembros del KC han dirigido o han participado en muchos proyectos realizados con la cooperación internacional. Los dos más grandes, completados en el curso del último decenio, son los proyectos Mapa del Acuífero Karst del Mundo (WOKAM) y el Sistema Acuífero Transfronterizo Karst Dinárico (DIKTAS). En el presente documento se resume la historia del KC hasta la fecha.

摘要

喀斯特水文地质委员会,又称喀斯特委员会(KC),于1970年在瑞士Neuchâtel成立,是国际水文地质学家协会(IAH)的重要组成部分。协会的总体目标是组织一群来自不同国家、在岩溶水文地质方面具有相关经验的水文地质学家,以促进对岩溶感兴趣的科学家之间的合作,交流经验,尤其是为地下水资源开发提供最佳策略。协会从成立到今天,已经在不同的喀斯特地区举行了40多次正式会议和许多非正式的聚会(包括野外调查),喀斯特委员会的成员出版了许多论文和书籍。IAH系列丛书《国际水文地质贡献》(“蓝皮书”)的第一本出版物以喀斯特为主题,介绍了来自各个喀斯特地区的多个开发项目的经验以及当时关于该地区喀斯特研究的书目数据。今天,喀斯特委员会是最活跃的IAH小组之一,有来自6大洲的70个常任理事国和许多年轻的研究人员,其工作得到了资金和定期奖励的支持。喀斯特委员会的成员领导或参与了许多与国际合作开展的项目。在过去十年中完成的最大的两个项目是世界岩溶含水层地图(WOKAM)和Dinaric岩溶跨界含水层系统(DIKTAS)项目。本文总结了迄今为止喀斯特委员会的历史。

Resumo

A Comissão de Hidrogeologia Cárstica, também conhecida como Comissão Cárstica (KC), foi fundada em 1970 em Neuchâtel, Suíça, e é uma parte importante da Associação Internacional de Hidrogeólogos (AIH). A ideia geral era organizar um grupo de hidrogeólogos de diferentes países, com experiência relevante em hidrogeologia cárstica, para promover a cooperação entre cientistas interessados em temas cársticos, trocar experiências e, principalmente, criar uma estratégia ótima para o desenvolvimento dos recursos hídricos subterrâneos. Desde a fundação até hoje, mais de 40 reuniões formais e muitos encontros informais da KC (incluindo viagens de campo) foram realizadas em diferentes regiões cársticas, e uma série de artigos e livros foram publicados por membros da KC. A primeira publicação da série de livros da AIH International Contributions to Hydrogeology (os “livros azuis”) foi sobre o tema do cársico, apresentando as experiências adquiridas em diversos projetos de desenvolvimento de várias regiões cársticas, bem como dados bibliográficos sobre a pesquisa cárstica da época. Hoje, a KC é um dos grupos mais ativos da AIH, com 70 membros permanentes de 6 continentes e muitos jovens pesquisadores, cujo trabalho é apoiado por fundos e prêmios regulares. Os membros da KC lideraram ou estiveram envolvidos em muitos projetos executados com cooperação internacional. Os dois maiores, concluídos ao longo da última década, são os projetos Mapa Mundi dos Aquíferos Cársticos/World Karst Aquifer Map (WOKAM) e Sistema Aquífero Cárstico Transfronteiriço Dinárico/Dinaric Karst Transboundary Aquifer System (DIKTAS). Este artigo resume a história da KC até o momento.

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Acknowledgements

The authors gratefully acknowledge the support and documents provided by Miomir Komatina, who was present at the first constitution meeting of the Karst Commission in Neuchâtel, and Jim LaMoreaux, long-serving KC member and the chair of IAH Commission on Mineral and Thermal Waters, whose father Philip was among the first active members of the commission and later president of the IAH. Our sincere thanks go to the past chairs Heinz Hötzl and Nico Goldscheider who collected and provided important archive documents and photos, while the latter by his review helped to improve this article. Sincere thanks also go to editor Augusto Auler for his valuable comments and suggestions. Along with them our appreciation goes to other chairs who successfully led and stimulated this group of karst hydrogeologists, as well as to all the commission’s members for their dedication and enthusiasm. Special thanks are due to individuals who served during the twentieth century, when the Karst Commission was founded and its capacity reinforced. We also fondly remember and express thanks to all those who contributed to the KC that are no longer with us.

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Correspondence to Petar Milanović.

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Milanović, P., Stevanović, Z. Fifty years of history of the Karst Commission of the International Association of Hydrogeologists. Hydrogeol J 29, 7–19 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10040-020-02261-4

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