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Response of glyphosate-resistant and glyphosate-susceptible biotypes of annual sowthistle (Sonchus oleraceus) to increased carbon dioxide and variable soil moisture

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  26 August 2020

Ahmadreza Mobli Open the ORCID record for Ahmadreza Mobli [Opens in a new window] ,
Singarayer K Florentine Open the ORCID record for Singarayer K Florentine [Opens in a new window] ,
Prashant Jha Open the ORCID record for Prashant Jha [Opens in a new window]  and
Bhagirath Singh Chauhan Open the ORCID record for Bhagirath Singh Chauhan [Opens in a new window]
Ahmadreza Mobli*
Affiliation:
Former PhD Student, Department of Agrotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran, and Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation (QAAFI), University of Queensland, Gatton, Queensland, Australia
Singarayer K Florentine
Affiliation:
Professor, Center for Environmental Management, School of Health and Life Science Sciences, Federation University Australia, Mount Helen Campus, Ballarat, Victoria, Australia
Prashant Jha
Affiliation:
Associate Professor, Department of Agronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
Bhagirath Singh Chauhan
Affiliation:
Associate Professor, Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation (QAAFI), and School of Agriculture and Food Sciences (SAFS), University of Queensland, Gatton, Queensland, Australia
*
Author for correspondence: Ahmadreza Mobli, Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation (QAAFI), University of Queensland, Gatton, QLD4343, Australia. Email: mo.ahmadreza@gmail.com
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Abstract

The growth response of annual sowthistle (Sonchus oleraceus L.) to anticipated future climate conditions is currently unknown, and thus two parallel studies were conducted dealing with glyphosate-resistant (GR) and glyphosate-susceptible (GS) biotypes of S. oleraceus. The glyphosate efficacy study was conducted using different doses of glyphosate (0 [control], 180, 360, 720 [recommended dose], and 1,440 g ae ha−1) at two different moisture levels (well-watered and water-stressed conditions). In the second study, the growth and seed production of these biotypes were studied under different atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) concentrations (450 and 750 ppm) and under well-watered (100% field capacity) and water-stressed (50% field capacity) conditions. Results showed that the GR biotype survived (>68%) at 1,440 g ha−1, but for the GS biotype, no plant survived, and both biotypes were slightly (<10%) affected by moisture regimes. In the elevated CO2 condition, the GS biotype plants were >38% taller and produced >44%, >18%, and >21% more leaves, buds, and seeds, respectively, compared with the ambient CO2 concentration under both moisture regimes. The biomass also increased by 27% in comparison with the ambient CO2 concentration. For the GR biotype, plants at the elevated CO2 level, while they also grew 38% taller in comparison with the ambient CO2 concentration, the numbers of leaves, buds, and seeds and biomass were not affected by this increase in CO2. Results showed that there were minimal changes in response to glyphosate for GR and GS biotypes of S. oleraceus with or without moisture stress. Our study suggests that future climate change with elevated CO2 levels can affect the response of S. oleraceus to glyphosate, and such knowledge will be helpful for weed management in the future.

Keywords

Climate changeelevated CO2 concentrationglyphosate efficacymanaging weed growth
Type
Research Article
Information
Weed Science , Volume 68 , Issue 6 , November 2020 , pp. 575 - 581
Copyright
© Weed Science Society of America, 2020

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Footnotes

Associate Editor: Christopher Preston, University of Adelaide

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