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Diversity in jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam.): insights into fruit characterization for the identification of superior genotypes

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  22 October 2020

M.K. Dhakar ,
Bikash Das Open the ORCID record for Bikash Das [Opens in a new window] ,
P.K. Sarkar ,
Vishal Nath ,
A.K. Singh  and
B.P. Bhatt
M.K. Dhakar
Affiliation:
ICAR – Research Complex for Eastern Region, Farming System Research Centre for Hill and Plateau Region, Ranchi – 834 010, Jharkhand, India
Bikash Das*
Affiliation:
ICAR – Research Complex for Eastern Region, Farming System Research Centre for Hill and Plateau Region, Ranchi – 834 010, Jharkhand, India
P.K. Sarkar
Affiliation:
ICAR – Research Complex for Eastern Region, Farming System Research Centre for Hill and Plateau Region, Ranchi – 834 010, Jharkhand, India
Vishal Nath
Affiliation:
ICAR – Research Complex for Eastern Region, Farming System Research Centre for Hill and Plateau Region, Ranchi – 834 010, Jharkhand, India ICAR – National Research Centre on Litchi, Muzaffarpur – 842 002, Bihar, India
A.K. Singh
Affiliation:
ICAR – Research Complex for Eastern Region, Farming System Research Centre for Hill and Plateau Region, Ranchi – 834 010, Jharkhand, India
B.P. Bhatt
Affiliation:
ICAR – Research Complex for Eastern Region, Patna – 800 014, Bihar, India
*
*Corresponding author. E-mail: bikash41271@gmail.com
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Abstract

Jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam.) is a nutritious crop from the Moraceae family. The current study was undertaken to evaluate the phenotypic diversity of fruit characteristics using a set of 27 standardized fruit descriptors to describe 28 jackfruit genotypes. These data were used to identify the superior jackfruit genotype that could be used for commercial cultivation. The data revealed a wide range of differences among the genotypes for all the traits studied. Cluster analysis classified the genotypes into four major groups that confirmed the wide diversity among them. Principal component analysis (PCA) also revealed that 80.22% of the variability among the jackfruit genotypes was explained by the first five principal components (PCs). Based on the overall results, the Indian Council of Agricultural Research, Research Complex for Eastern Region (ICAR-RCER) JS 6/3 and 10/3 genotypes were found to be the most promising for table purposes (medium fruit size, pulp percentage >50 and total soluble solid (TSS) >20°Brix), whereas the ICAR-RCER JS 7/7 genotype with large fruit size, pulp percentage >50 and TSS >20°Brix was found to be suitable for processing. The coefficient of variation was the least for traits such as TSS (12.56%) and average seed length (13.56%). Hence, priority may also be given to the TSS and seed size when exploring promising genotypes and operating a selection procedure for crop improvement in jackfruit. The information generated under the study forms a potential baseline for fruit breeders to use in selecting genotypes with superior fruit qualities for jackfruit crop improvement programmes in the future.

Keywords

Artocarpus heterophyllusclusteringfruit characterizationgenetic diversitygenotypejackfruitPCAunderutilized species
Type
Research Article
Information
Plant Genetic Resources , Volume 18 , Issue 5 , October 2020 , pp. 307 - 315
Copyright
Copyright © The Author(s), 2020. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of NIAB

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