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Mechanism of the Azeotropy Phenomenon in Aqueous Formic Acid Solutions

  • PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY OF SOLUTIONS
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Abstract

The mechanism of the azeotropy phenomenon has been established at a molecular level for the first time on the example of the HCOOH–H2O system, which has an azeotropic region. The studies are based on the regularities of the formation of heteroassociates with strong hydrogen bonds in binary systems and on the assumption that both phases of a boiling azeotropic mixture are composed of the same heteroassociates. It has been established that an aqueous formic acid solution is azeotropic if the heteroassociates composing this solution at room temperature are converted under heating into the most stable of possible heteroassociates 2НСООН ∙ 2Н2О and 2НСООН ∙ Н2О, which are retained at boiling temperature. Such restructuring in the solution leads to the maximum strengthening of intermolecular interactions and occurs with minimum energy expenditures.

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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

The authors are profoundly grateful to V.A. Lotkhov for useful consultation.

Funding

This work was financially supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (project no. 19-03-00033).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991, Moscow, Russia

    E. G. Tarakanova & I. A. Kirilenko

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  1. E. G. Tarakanova
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  2. I. A. Kirilenko
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Correspondence to E. G. Tarakanova.

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The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.

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Translated by E. Glushachenkova

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Tarakanova, E.G., Kirilenko, I.A. Mechanism of the Azeotropy Phenomenon in Aqueous Formic Acid Solutions. Russ. J. Inorg. Chem. 65, 1591–1595 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1134/S0036023620100204

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