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Investigation of Energy Saving Potential in Buildings Using Novel Developed Lightweight Concrete

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Abstract

In this study, three different composite materials were produced from mixtures of natural and waste materials in different proportions. The produced composites were used to determine the insulation thickness of exterior walls of buildings located in 12 provinces selected from the four different climate zones of Turkey. The selection of provinces was made according to Turkish standard TS 825. The produced materials are thermal insulation elements that can be used instead of construction elements, such as brick, on the exterior walls of the buildings. In this study, only the heating of the buildings was considered and the number of heating degree days of the provinces was taken into account to determine the insulation thickness. The life cycle cost analysis method was used to determine the optimum insulation thickness. It was determined that the optimum insulation thickness values calculated for four different fuel types for the selected provinces varied between 0.170 m and 1.401 m. The annual energy requirement for the unit surface area of the exterior walls of the insulated buildings was determined to be 11,213–965,715 kJ·m−2 per year. Moreover, it was determined that the insulation costs ranged between $ 22,841 m−2 and $ 114,841 m−2, and the payback period ranged from approximately 2.5 to 6.5 years. It was concluded that using these new types of materials in the determined regions were advantageous in terms of thermal insulation, fire resistance, mechanical properties, production costs, extra labor costs, and optimum insulation thickness.

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Abbreviations

Ayear,H :

Difference of annual total heating cost ($ m−2·-year)

C:

Annual energy cost for unit surface without insulation ($m−2·-year)

CA,H :

Total heating cost ($ m−2 ·year)

Cfuel :

Cost of the fuel ($m−3, $ kg−1)

Cins. :

Cost of the insulant ($ m−2)

COP:

Coefficient of performance

Ct,H :

Total heating cost of the insulated building ($ m−2-year)

Cy:

Cost of the insulant ($ m−3)

DD:

Degree-day value (°C-days)

Eyear,H :

Annual energy need for heating (J·m−2·-year)

g:

Inflation rate (%)

HDD:

Heating degree-day value (°C-days)

Hu:

Low heat value of the fuel (J·kg−1, J·m−3)

i:

Interest rate (%)

k:

Thermal conductivity of insulation (W·m−1·K−1)

LPG:

Liquefied petroleum gas

N:

Lifetime (year)

Spp:

Payback period (year)

PWF:

Present Worth Factor

q:

Annual heat loss (Wm−2)

r:

Actual interest rate

R:

Heat transfer resistance (m2·K W−1)

Rins. :

Thermal resistance of the insulant (m2·K W−1)

Ro :

Outside heat transfer resistance (m2·K W−1)

Rw :

Thermal resistance of wall layers without insulation (m2·K W−1)

Rw,t :

Thermal resistance of non-insulated wall (m2·K W−1)

T:

Temperature (K)

U:

Total heat transfer coefficient (W·m−2·K−1)

X:

Insulation thickness (m)

Xopt :

Optimum insulation (total) thickness (m)

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Machinery and Metal Technology, Çorlu Vocational School, Namık Kemal University, Çorlu, Tekirdağ, 59860, Turkey

    Ahmet Erhan Akan

  2. Machinery and Metal Technology, Mardin Vocational School, Mardin Artuklu University, Mardin, 47100, Turkey

    Fatih Ünal

  3. Department of Aviation Administration, Civil Aviation High School, Dicle University, Diyarbakır, 21280, Turkey

    Fatih Koçyiğit

Authors
  1. Ahmet Erhan Akan
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  2. Fatih Ünal
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  3. Fatih Koçyiğit
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Correspondence to Fatih Ünal.

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Akan, A.E., Ünal, F. & Koçyiğit, F. Investigation of Energy Saving Potential in Buildings Using Novel Developed Lightweight Concrete. Int J Thermophys 42, 4 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10765-020-02761-1

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