Abstract
Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) has developed a unique fieldable 37Ar measurement system designed to measure 37Ar activity concentrations from soil gas samples to detect above ground and underground nuclear explosions. The Argon-37 Field System is modular in design to accommodate both chemical processing and nuclear detection. The system can be packed into shipping crates and shipped to a location near where the sampling is taking place. The system can process six 2-m3 whole-air samples in 24 h and can measure the 37Ar activity in each of the samples using six proportional counters. The proportional counters, designed and built at PNNL, are surrounded with both active and passive shielding to reduce background and can achieve a minimum detection concentration of 10 mBq/m3 of 37Ar in whole-air equivalent. The Argon-37 Field System has undergone extensive testing against rigorous requirements to assure the system meets the needs of the noble gas nuclear explosion monitoring community.
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Notes
Estimate based on Gibbs free energy values from: Chen, M., B. Hallstedt, L. Gauckler, 2003. Thermodynamic Assessment of the Co–O system. Journal of Phase Equilibria, Vol 24 No.3 2003.
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Hayes, J.C., Aalseth, C., Alexander, T. et al. High Throughput Argon-37 Field System. Pure Appl. Geophys. 178, 2765–2778 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00024-020-02584-z
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00024-020-02584-z