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Multisite phosphorylation of the cardiac ryanodine receptor: a random or coordinated event?

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Abstract

Many proteins are phosphorylated at more than one phosphorylation site to achieve precise tuning of protein function and/or integrate a multitude of signals into the activity of one protein. Increasing the number of phosphorylation sites significantly broadens the complexity of molecular mechanisms involved in processing multiple phosphorylation sites by one or more distinct kinases. The cardiac ryanodine receptor (RYR2) is a well-established multiple phospho-target of kinases activated in response to β-adrenergic stimulation because this Ca2+ channel is a critical component of Ca2+ handling machinery which is responsible for β-adrenergic enhancement of cardiac contractility. Our review presents a selective overview of the extensive, often conflicting, literature which focuses on identifying reliable lines of evidence to establish if multiple RYR2 phosphorylation is achieved randomly or in a specific sequence, and whether phosphorylation at individual sites is functionally specific and additive or similar and can therefore be substituted.

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Funding

This work was supported by the Slovak Scientific Grant Agency (VEGA 2/0011/18 to J.G. and VEGA 2/0008/20 to M.G.) and the Research & Development Operational Program funded by the ERDF (ITMS 26230120009).

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  1. Institute of Molecular Physiology and Genetics, Centre of Biosciences, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, 840 05, Bratislava, Slovak Republic

    Jana Gaburjakova, Eva Krejciova & Marta Gaburjakova

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  1. Jana Gaburjakova
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J.G., E.K. and M.G. wrote the manuscript. J.G. and M.G. made manuscript revision. All authors approved the final version of the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Marta Gaburjakova.

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Gaburjakova, J., Krejciova, E. & Gaburjakova, M. Multisite phosphorylation of the cardiac ryanodine receptor: a random or coordinated event?. Pflugers Arch - Eur J Physiol 472, 1793–1807 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00424-020-02473-3

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